Tinker vs. Des Moines.

One calm day in the 1960’s 3 Des Moines understudies were wrongly rebuffed for fighting the Vietnam War by wearing dark arm groups to class. The school authorities accepted that the armbands would cause a tremendous aggravation and be a major interruption to the understudy body. The understudies were then suspended. The student’s first change right had been damaged. This correct gives us the opportunity of articulation, to summarize everything, as long as others are not in harm's way. The staff rushed to rebuff these understudies, who were just practicing their privileges. I accept that the understudies that were engaged with this case didn't have the right to be rebuffed in light of the fact that; in wearing armbands, the applicants were peaceful and inactive. They were not troublesome and didn't meddle with the privileges of others. In this manner, their lead was inside the assurance of the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth. Additionally, â€Å"First Amendment rights are accessible to educators and understudies, subject to application considering the extraordinary attributes of the school condition. † (http://caselaw. p. findlaw. com/contents/getcase. pl? court=us&vol=393&invol=503) Also, I accept that they didn't have the right to be rebuffed in light of the fact that; under our Constitution, free discourse is definitely not a correct that is offered uniquely to be confined to such an extent that it exists on a basic level however not in all actuality. Opportunity of articulation wo uld not genuinely exist if the privilege could be practiced distinctly in a zone that an altruistic government has given as a place of refuge to wackos! The Constitution says that Congress (or any other person, so far as that is concerned) may not deny anybody the option to free discourse. The thing is we appropriately read it to allow sensible guideline of discourse associated exercises in deliberately confined conditions. Yet, we don't restrict the passable exercise of First Amendment rights to a pay phone or the four corners of a flyer. Finally, I accept that understudies were wrongly rewarded in light of the fact that; â€Å"The defendability of the school specialists' activity was on the ground that it was sensible so as to forestall aggravation of school discipline. † (258 F. Supp. 971 1966). The court alluded to however declined to follow the Fifth Circuit's holding in a comparable case that, the wearing of images like the armbands can't be precluded except if it â€Å"materially and significantly meddles with the necessities of suitable control in the activity of the school. † (Burnside v. Byars, 1966). Taking everything into account, The Students for this situation were wrongly rebuffed because of the way that their first correction right secured their opportunity of articulation. The students ought not have been suspended on account of their distinction in political perspectives, and their mental fortitude to communicate them.

Korean Society At A Glance Essay

South Korea is situated in the northeastern locale of the Asian landmass and involves the southern district of the Korean Peninsula. It was built up in 1948 after the parting of Korea between the United States and the previous USSR (U. S. Branch of State, 2008). After the conventional split of Korea, 4 million individuals from North Korea moved to South Korea. This unexpected increment in populace was mostly remunerated inside the following 40 years by movement from South Korea to Japan and the United States. Be that as it may, a significant number of the individuals who emigrated in the end came back to South Korea (U. S. Branch of State, 2008). South Korea has one of the most ethnically homogenous societies on the planet. With the exception of a little Chinese populace, nearly the whole Korean populace has a typical culture and language (U. S. Branch of State, 2008). Half of South Korea’s populace effectively rehearses their religion. Christianity and Buddhism command the religion of South Korea. Just 3% see themselves as Confucians and the rest of the 1% rehearses the conventional religion of Shamanism and Chondogyo (U. S. Branch of State, 2008). Dominion in South Korea Imperialism had a significant effect in the improvement of twentieth century Korea. With some help from the US and Great Britain, Japan vanquished Korea in 1910, which finished the latter’s presence as an autonomous state. Intending to build up its own Empire, Japan changed Korean economy so as to fabricate its own rural items. Korean laborers had to leave their properties and by 1930s and 1940s, greater part of Koreans were working in the mining or assembling segment of Manchuria, Japan, and Korea (Hart-Landsberg, 1989). World class Korean patriot developments organized the March first Independence Movement against the colonizers however without any result as their endeavor came about to a savage concealment by the Japanese. The pioneers of the uprising had no real option except to either leave the nation or grasp Japanese principle (Hart-Landsberg, 1989). Ethnic Groups In South Korea South Korea is considered as one of the world’s most morally homogenous countries. Koreans slipped from the Neolithic individuals who moved to the Korean Peninsula from the northeastern bit of terrain Asia (Peterson, n. d). Comprising the greatest minority bunch in South Korea are individuals with Chinese relatives. Nearby occupants incorporate an expanding number of outside nationals, including transient specialists from South and southeast Asia, business people, ambassadors, and different experts from different pieces of the world (Peterson, n. d).

Research on Borderline Personality Disorder Subtypes

Research on Borderline Personality Disorder Subtypes BPD Print Research on Borderline Personality Disorder Subtypes By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 19, 2019 Westend61/Getty Images More in BPD Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Related Conditions Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with a number of different signs and symptoms. In order to be diagnosed with BPD, an individual must meet just five out of a total of nine diagnostic criteria, meaning that BPD in one person can look very different from BPD in another.?? This has led some experts to wonder whether there are actually distinct types of borderline personalities. BPD Subtypes  in Popular Media In popular media and pop psychology books, there is a great deal of discussion of different BPD subtypes. For example, in her book Understanding the Borderline Mother, Dr. Christine Lawson, describes four subtypes of mothers with BPD: the Waif (helpless), the Hermit (fearful/avoidant), the Queen (controlling) and the Witch (sadistic). In The Essential Family Guide to Borderline Personality Disorder by Randi Kreger, people with BPD are grouped into lower-functioning/conventional types versus higher-functioning/invisible types. The conventional type is described as engaging in a lot of self-destructive behavior that requires frequent hospitalization, and being very low-functioning, meaning he or she may not be able to work or go to school. The author calls this self-destructive behavior acting in, an idea that correlates with the concept of  internalizing symptoms. In contrast, the invisible type is described as functioning well in most contexts, but engaging in a great deal of acting out behavior, such as verbal abuse, criticizing others or becoming violent. This description correlates well with the concept of  externalizing symptoms. These subtypes of BPD in popular literature were derived from the authors own expert opinions on the existence of different types of borderline personalities. More recently, researchers have tried to take a quantitative approach to describe subtypes of BPD. The research on the topic paints a more complicated picture. Research on Subtypes The research on the existence of subtypes of BPD is mixed. Some research studies have found that BPD can be treated as a unified diagnostic entity without the presence of clear subtypes. But other studies have identified some subtypes of BPD. One study, which examined types of borderline personalities based on patterns of co-occurring personality problems, identified three subtypes of BPD that map onto the three clusters of personality disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Cluster A, Cluster B, and Cluster C. Those in the Cluster A subgroup tended to engage in more paranoid thinking and eccentric behavior, those in B tended to have more dramatic or arrogant personalities, and those in C tended to be more fearful. Another study that examined BPD subtypes in adolescent boys and girls with BPD found reliable subtypes in girls, but not boys. Girls with BPD tended to fall into one of the following categories: high-functioning internalizing, depressive internalizing, histrionic  and angry externalizing. A third study found three BPD subtypes: withdrawnâ€"internalizing, severely disturbedâ€"internalizing and anxiousâ€"externalizing.?? Interestingly, these last two studies suggest that the distinctions between internalizing versus externalizing symptoms and high versus low functioning may be an important one in BPD, and may in part validate some of the popular psychology literature on the topic. Because of the inconsistencies in the research literature, much more study is needed on this topic. BPD Treatment Implications At least one study has found that individuals with different presentations of BPD may respond differently to treatment. In this study, individuals from the severely disturbed-internalizing subtype did not see symptom improvement with treatment, whereas those in the anxious-externalizing and withdrawn-internalizing subtypes did.?? This suggests that the prognosis for BPD may be different depending on the subtype that an individual belongs to. However, much more research is needed before we can say anything definitive about differential treatment response. 6 Common Myths About Borderline Personality Disorder

24 Words Worth Borrowing From Other Languages

A few decades ago, Harold Rheingold set out to find words and phrases that, he says, may help us notice the cracks between our own worldview and those of others. According to Rheingold, Finding a name for something is a way of conjuring its existence. Its a way of making it possible for people to see a pattern where they didnt see anything before. He illustrates this thesis (a version of the controversial Sapir-Whorf hypothesis) in his book They Have a Word for It: A Lighthearted Lexicon of Untranslatable Words and Phrases (reprinted in 2000 by Sarabande Books). Drawing on more than 40 languages, Rheingold examined 150 interesting untranslatable words to borrow in order to help us notice the cracks between our own worldview and those of others. Here are 24 of Rheingolds imported words. Several of them (linked to entries in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary) have already begun migrating into English. Though its unlikely that all these words will add a new dimension to our lives, at least one or two should provoke a smile of recognition. attaccabottoni (Italian noun): a sad person who buttonholes people and tells long, pointless stories of misfortune (literally, a person who attacks your buttons).berrieh (Yiddish noun): an extraordinarily energetic and talented woman.cavoli riscaldati (Italian noun): an attempt to revive an old relationship (literally, reheated cabbage).Ã ©pater le bourgeois (French verb phrase): to deliberately shock people who have conventional values.farpotshket (Yiddish adjective): slang for something that is all fouled up, especially as the result of an attempt to fix it.fisselig (German adjective): flustered to the point of incompetence as a result of another persons supervision or nagging.fucha (Polish verb): to use company time and resources for your own end.haragei (Japanese noun): visceral, indirect, largely nonverbal communication (literally, belly performance).insaf (Indonesian adjective): socially and politically conscious.lagniappe (Louisiana French noun, from American Spanish): an ext ra or unexpected gift or benefit.lao (Chinese adjective): a respectful term of address for an older person.maya (Sanskrit noun): the mistaken belief that a symbol is the same as the reality it represents.mbuki-mvuki (Bantu verb): to shuck off clothes in order to dance.mokita (Kivila language of Papua New Guinea, noun): the truths of certain social situations that everybody knows but nobody talks about.ostranenie (Russian verb): make an audience see common things in an unfamiliar or strange way in order to enhance perception of the familiar.potlatch (Haida noun): the ceremonial act of gaining social respect by giving away wealth.sabsung (Thai verb): to slake an emotional or spiritual thirst; to be revitalized.schadenfreude (German noun): the pleasure that one feels as a result of someone elses misfortune.shibui (Japanese adjective): simple, subtle, and unobtrusive beauty.talanoa (Hindi noun): idle talk as a social adhesive. (See phatic communication.)tirare la carretta (Italian verb) : to slog through dull and tedious everyday chores (literally, to pull the little cart).tsuris (Yiddish noun): grief and trouble, especially the kind that only a son or daughter can give.uff da (Norwegian exclamation): expression of sympathy, annoyance, or mild disappointment.weltschmerz (German noun): a gloomy, romanticized, world-weary sadness (literally world-grief).

Essay on Whole Foods Markets Tipping Point - 1223 Words

In his book, The Tipping Point: How little things can make a big difference (2000), Malcolm Gladwell highlights the power of intelligent action and the potential of little changes for starting epidemics. Concepts such as the law of few, the stickiness factor, and the power of context arouse epidemics both in macro-level and in micro-level. In detail, the law of few affirms the influence on communication. Connectors, mavens, and salesmen each has abilities to conjoin, collect, and cajole; they distribute information globally. The stickiness factor refers to a technique, which emphasize and allow information to stick in the minds of consumers. Last, the power of context stresses that both individual’s reaction and community’s cohesion can†¦show more content†¦It was a huge hit because there are less than six organic grocery stores in the nation. Knowing his vision well, John Mackey, the main founder put his dream into action. He used his ability as a connector, s omeone who has broad social network, to integrate others people’s ideas. Soon, expansion came to place starting from Dallas to New Orleans. In order to guarantee each store’s success, he did thorough research on social class, eating habit, and supply and demand. He took his action deliberately. The mergers with great reputation brands not only elevated Whole Foods Market’s character, but also stabled its market position. In 1991, Wellspring Grocery joined Whole Foods Market. Similar to Whole Food, Wellspring Grocery started with a positive attitude toward changing the market. Unlike other grocery stores, it wanted to bring healthy diet on shelves, rather than pills and canned food. This idea brought attention to what people are consuming daily. Second merger happened one year after Wellspring Grocery’s success. Bread and Circus, a company that used to sell natural food and wooden toys, valued costumer’s opinion. Costumers were happy to shop in Brea d and Circus. Its expeditiously expansion caught Whole Foods Market’s attention. In order to stable its market not only in Taxes, it decided to purchase Bread and Circus. Last, Mrs. Gooch’s, a grocery store that targeted on allergicShow MoreRelatedWhole Food Markets History 553 Words   |  2 PagesIn his book â€Å"The Tipping Point: How little things can make a big difference,† Malcolm Gladwell (2001) indicates the power of intelligent action and the potential of little changes are responsible for starting epidemics. These epidemics occurred, according to the law of the few, the stickiness factor, and the power of context. The law of few affirms the influence on communication. That connector, maven, and salesman each has its ability to conjoin, collect, and cajole; they distribute informationRead MoreRestaurant Business9347 Words   |  38 PagesCHAPTER I Introduction The restaurant business is a challenging but exciting venture. It can often prove to be extremely competitive since food as it’s the main product is one of the basic needs and people tend to allocate majority of their income for food. As mentioned, this business is a challenging one so those who want to engage into this kind of investment should be fully prepared to handle all the issues and problems that they will encounter in the operations of their business. When entrepreneursRead MoreStrategic Management and Ikea9925 Words   |  40 Pagesthreats. IKEA are moving from International to global status through the development of Asia and Eastern European market. Traditional product for IKEA has been within value, low price high volume product however the movement into mid and higher price points will spot an opportunity to move the demographic base and increase the average basket value with less reliance on a limited demographic group. 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The role of research in several fields of applied economics, whether related to business or to the economy as a whole, has greatly increased in modern times. The increasing complex nature of business and government has focused attention on the use of research in solving operational problems. Research, as an aid to economic policy, has gained added importance, bothRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesbeen created, the cost of volume production is almost nothing, and a company can maintain its market dominance until it is challenged not by economies of scale but by being shoved aside by the next temporarily dominant product. This is changing the whole concept of manufacturing and factories in some industries. RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE QUALITY OF PRODUCTIVITY Underlying many of these conditions is the Internet (now almost universally understood as multipurpose technology), which has theRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesintroduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly explaining, analyzing and exploring

Law and Order Essay Free Essays

In class, we watched the first twenty minutes of Law and Order episode â€Å"God Bless the Child†. The Episode starts with the parents of a young girl, that is deathly ill and in dire of medical assistance, and the parents won’t use modern medicine because it is against their religion. Neglecting help of modern medicine, the child eventually dies. We will write a custom essay sample on Law and Order Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe that it is ridiculous that a parent will not help their own child and let them die when help is all around. I think prayer does not relinquish us from an obligation to act, so on these terms I do think these parents should be trialed for the death of their child. I see prayer to be similar to hope, guidance and communication with God rather than an act. Believing that everything can be solved with prayer is ridiculous, It Is like if someone wanted to end world hunger and didn’t donate but only prayed. I think prayer and acting should go hand in hand because God is not Just going to give you what you ask for, rather he will give you opportunities. Similar to the Joke about the lady in the flood that Ms. Ellsworth said In class, God sent a boat and a helicopter to rescue the lady but she refused. She would later die, and In Heaven, she asked God why didn’t you save me, and God replied â€Å"l did, I send you a boat and a helicopter what else can I do! † I think this Joke as the same situation as the parents In Law and Order. I strongly believe that the parents should go to trial for the death of the daughter because with all the opportunities God sent them, they avoided all of them. By neglecting all of these opportunities to rescue their child, the child suffered and soon after died. It Is ridiculous that she would not simply let her daughter drink some medicine for her to get better. If she was to go and drink alcohol, then why not let her daughter get treated. It Is most disturbing when the daughter was getting worse, but the mother thinks that what they are doing Is not working and they should do something else. Than an act. Believing that everything can be solved with prayer is ridiculous, it is like dad in the flood that Ms. Ellsworth said in class, God sent a boat and a helicopter to rescue the lady but she refused. She would later die, and in Heaven, she asked God what else can I do! † I think this Joke as the same situation as the parents in Law and after died. It is ridiculous that she would not simply let her daughter drink some daughter get treated. It is most disturbing when the daughter was getting worse, but the mother thinks that what they are doing is not working and they should do. How to cite Law and Order Essay, Essays

Effect of Mnemonic Technique on Serial Recall free essay sample

The aim of the present study was to observe the effectiveness of mnemonic technique on serial recall. Pegword rhyme is the independent variable and number of correct response is the dependent variable. The Hypotheses were that the serial recall will be better in the group using pegword technique than in the group who do not. There will also be a significant difference in List A and B in terms of number of correct responses and the reaction time. 104 undergraduate have been conveniently taken from different departments of University of Karachi. Independent participants have been taken for four different conditions, in which two were experimental and two controls. In experimental condition two different lists were provided and asked for serial recall by using pegword method. By using mean we found out that average correct response were higher for experimental group than control, and there was not any significant difference between responses of list A and B. Hence it has been concluded that pegword method has positive effect on serial recall and the type of words do not have any effect on response. Keywords: Mnemonic technique, pegword, serial recall Memory is the term given to the structures and processes involved in the storage and subsequent retrieval of information (McLeod, 2007). It is broken down into two types: short term and long term. Short-term memory is that brief period of time where you can recall information you were just exposed to. Long-term memory encompasses memories that range from a few days to decades. In order for successful learning to take place, information has to move from the sensory or the short-term memory to the long-term memory. Long-term memory is, obviously enough, intended for storage of information over a long period of time. Despite our everyday impressions of forgetting, it seems likely that long-term memory actually decays very little over time, and can store a seemingly unlimited amount of information almost indefinitely. Indeed, there is some debate as to whether we actually ever â€Å"forget† anything at all, or whether it just becomes increasingly difficult to access or retrieve certain items from memory (Mastin, 2010). Bahrick et al (1975) investigated what they called very long term memory (VLTM). Nearly 400 participants aged 17 – 74 were tested. There were various tests including: A free recall test, where participants tried to remember names of people in a graduate class, a photo recognition test, consisting of 50 pictures, a name recognition test for ex-school friends. Participants who were tested within 15 years of graduation were about 90% accurate in identifying names and faces. After 48 years they were accurate 80% for verbal and 70% visual. Free recall was worse. After 15 years it was 60% and after 48 years it was 30% accurate. Long-term memory can be improved by using Mnemonic Techniques. Mnemonics, or mnemonic devices, are encoding strategies used to organize and/or chunk to-be-learned material, in order to make it more meaningful and easier to remember. Though mnemonics may be perceived as â€Å"shallow† learning techniques, they can provide effective scaffolding for more complex knowledge by allowing the acquisition of basic terms and definitions (Bellezza, 1996) Self-generated (and often, as a natural consequence, self-referential) mnemonics may have an advantage over instructor-provided mnemonics (e. g. , Bloom Lamkin, 2006, for acrostics; McCabe, 2011, for keywords), though possibly less so when the material is particularly difficult to learn and accurate mnemonics are challenging to create (Bellezza, 1996). Types of mnemonics include first-letter mnemonics (e. g. , acronyms, acrostics), keyword mnemonics, pegword and method of loci mnemonics. Among the first-letter mnemonics, the two most common are acronyms and acrostics. Acronyms are created by combining the first letters of to-be-learned words into a new word (or word-like) unit, such as using the mnemonic dabda for the five stages of death and dying (Carney et al. , 1994). The other first-letter mnemonic method is the acrostic, which most commonly involves using the first letters of a list of to-be-learned items to create a meaningful and/or odd sentence. Keyword mnemonics involve making a phonetic link connecting a to-be-learned word with a similar-sounding keyword, and then making an interactive image that links the keyword to the meaning of the to-be-learned word (e. . , Bellezza, 1996; Levin, 1983). The method of loci mnemonic is typically used for remembering an ordered list of items; the method utilizes a series of spatial places to which the learner visually associates each to-be-learned item. At the retrieval stage, the learner takes a mental walk along the route established in the first phase, and â€Å"picks up† an item at each des tination along the way. Pegword mnemonic technique is similar to loci method, both aid memory for an ordered list of items; also, once learned, both can be used repeatedly to remember multiple lists. Instead of places, however, the method uses pegwords and rhyme; It involves two stages, first, the learner memorizes a rhyming scheme for the numbers 1 to 10, which can be used multiple times: One is a bun, two is a shoe, three is a tree, four is a door, five is a hive, six is bricks, seven is heaven, eight is a plate, nine is wine, ten is a hen. Next, the learner creates a mental image of each item on the to-be-learned list interacting with the word that rhymes with the appropriate number. The pegword mnemonic has been specifically applied to psychology learning in the case of Erikson? s eight stages of psychosocial development. For example, for the trust stage, one could imagine â€Å"an infant lying in a perfectly „trusting’ position while mommy powders his little behind (buns)† (Carney et al. , 1994, Table 2, p. 173). The learning of any set of ordered items can potentially benefit from the use of pegwords. Empirical research on the effectiveness of the pegword mnemonic as applied to psychology education is lacking. However, Carney and Levin (2011) demonstrated that, using a combined pegword-keyword mnemonic for word list learning, and using the same 10 pegwords repeatedly, the mnemonic condition consistently outperformed an â€Å"own best method† control condition. On the basis of this literature review, we aim to study the effect of pegword technique on serial recall. Method Participants 104 male/female undergraduate students were taken voluntarily from university of Karachi. Independent sample technique was used. Material Two lists of words were created. Two lists of words were created. List A was names of Gadgets and List B names of Politicians (Appendix A). Then flash cards of the words on these lists were made. A rhyme was used for pegword technique. Stopwatch was also used to measure the time Procedure Students were approached at the university campus and asked if they would be willing to volunteer for a psychology study. The willing ones were than taken to the testing lab in psychology department and randomly chosen as experimental or control participants. The experimental participants were given a rhyme (see Appendix B) and asked to read it out loud twice. They were the then explained that the words in bold were known as pegwords e. g. bun, shoe, tree etc. and they were supposed to imagine an association between the word shown to them on flash cards and the pegwords in sequence. This was further explained by giving an example association of the word building and first pegword bun as a building made of bun. Also they were encouraged to make funny, weird and interesting imagination. After that they were shown flash cards in a sequence and then were asked to recall them in the order that was shown to them. The number of correct response and time that took them to recall the words was then noted. The control participants on the other hand were not shown the rhyme, only the flash card and they were asked to familiarise themselves with them. Their correct number of response and time taken for recall were also noted Results The data recorded was tabulated (appendix C) and the mean results were derived by dividing the responses with the number of participants. The average number of correct responses were more in the experimental condition in List A= 6. 85 compared to the control condition=3. 56. Similar results were also found for List B where the average number of response were higher for the experimental condition i. e. 6. 58 than control i. e. 4. 27. However, no significant difference in the number of correct response was found between List A and B in either experimental or control condition. Moreover, no significant time difference was recorded in any of the conditions and it occurred only due to an error of chance. ExperimentalControl List AList BList AList B Average correct response6. 856. 583. 564. 27 Average reaction time (sec)109. 1 94. 9 97. 496 Discussion The results approved our hypothesis which was that the serial recall was better in the group that used the pegword technique than the group which did not. nemonics could bolster memory due to at least three factors. First, they typically involve deliberate, or effortful, learning (Bellezza, 1996); the focused attention the learner pays to the material while using and/or creating mnemonics supports encoding to long-term memory. Second, they connect new knowledge with established schemas in long-term memory, a process also called elaboration, which enhances encoding and supports successful retrieval (Balch, 2005; Bellezza, 1996). Third, many mnemonic devices require the integration of two or more information codes (e. g. , verbal, visual) which, consistent with Paivio? (1986) dual-coding theory, enhances memory by providing multiple routes to retrieval. In fact, the use of mental imagery may be particularly important; some researchers recommend using interactive, dynamic, distinctive, and possibly even bizarre images (McDaniel Einstein, 1986; McDaniel, Einstein, DeLosh, May, Brady, 1995) and spending at least 6 seconds on each visual association (Bugelski, 1974). The use of rhyme might have furt her assisted the encoding. VanVoorhis (2002) argues that music inherently increases chunking, which in turn aids in the transfer from short-term/working memory to long-term memory. The experimenter group participants also reported that the task was fun and creative which might have helped them learn the words (McCabe, 2009). However, our second hypothesis that stated a difference in response with reference to the nature of task and reaction time was disapproved as there were no significant differences found between them. Limitation Our research was not without any limitation. First, convenient sample was taken, so only Students University of Karachi were participants of the study. Hence we cannot generalize the result to everyone. Second the list of words used were familiar common, so might have been easy to remember, also no survey was conducted to determine its familiarity. Thirdly, the sample was not controlled with reference to fatigue and exhaustion. Participant should have been pre-tested for relaxation or relaxation techniques should have been used prior to experiment. No gender differences were followed either.

Anual General Meetings Essay Example

Anual General Meetings Essay The affairs of the group/club shall be controlled by a committee comprising the Officers and (number) other members elected from, and by, the Members of the group/club.  The notice from the AGM will given by the club secetery in advance so that everybody will have a notice to attend. The AGM will have all the reports from officers from the managment commitee and statment of the audited acounts. All nominations for officer roles will be sent to the secotory of the AGM so elections will take place at the AGM. Anyone hwo is a member of the group or club has the right to vote. The quorum for AGMs shall be (number-usually 25 percent of the membership). Failure to achieve a quorum shall involve the existing Officers and General Committee remaining in their posts until a quorum is attained at a subsequent Annual General Meeting. The AGM has the right to call more meetings which are Extra-ordinary General Meetings. Its duties involve controlling the affairs of the group/club, to keep accurate accounts from the Treasurer, to make decisions based on a group and club vote but the chair should have the priority to decide if there is a tie vote. Discipline and appeals:  If there are any complaints against the club then they need to be sent in writing to the secetory of the commitee. The managment commitee will meet to listen to complaints within a week after the complaint has been seen too.  The commitee has the power to take out any dissiplinary action such as termination of membership. In respect to the person who made the complait a response should be sent back. Its the managment of the commitee who will make a decision on what action to carry out after days of recieving it form the secetory.In the event of a member being asked to resign his membership, no reimbursement of Annual membership fee will be considered. We will write a custom essay sample on Anual General Meetings specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Anual General Meetings specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Anual General Meetings specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Any playing member failing to advise the Captain/Vice-Captain, following selection, of his inability to play, shall be subject to suspension, at the discretion of the General Committee  Dissolution:  A resolution to dissolve the club can only be passed at the AGM/EGM through a majority vote form members.  In the event of dissolution, any assets of the club that remain shall become the property of a govering body or a similer club focusing on the same objectives.Sportsmatch concentrates on improving the participation result in grass-roots and this is their main attraction.It is a sponsership scheme targeted at novice/amateur sport managed by the Institute of Sports sponcership and funded by the department for Culture, media and sport through grant aidby sports england. Sponcership is a common way of getting funds. But think how many people request sponsors all over the world and as a result it has become very competitive. To get a good deal we have to think about our approach. Not all sponcers involve finanial assistance. They can provide services, personal or products in exchange e.g.-football kit for a football team.  Donations  Never be scared of strangers! There mabye plenty of people who will be willing to donate funds. Ways we can increase our chances of gaining donations is by understanding the individuals or organisations motivations for donating to sporting and recreational organisations. Grants  There are lots of grants available.  First applications can be made to he National Governing body which comes under the unbrella of the WNU. It can provide grants for your sports.  You can apply to your local Local Authority which is Cardiff City Council. This is within the local community, this is the main source of funding for facilities, any facilities privatly owned, all areas are locally funded.The administrator of the Local Authority gives grants to our local communitys.

My SAT Testing Center Was a Nightmare - Make Sure This Doesnt Happen to You

My SAT Testing Center Was a Nightmare - Make Sure This Doesn't Happen to You SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips On Saturday, June 6th, I sat alongside high school students to take the SAT at George Washington Prep High School in South Los Angeles. I knew what to expect. I’d taken the test back in 2009 in South Florida when I was beginning my own college application process. I could never have imagined how different my experience would be this time. My SAT Testing center, located in a poor area of Los Angeles, had HUGEflaws that resulted in extremely unfair testing conditions for the students. When I shared these experiences with my co-workers, they were flabbergasted. But others shared experiences that were just as deplorable. I wish I were joking. I wish this were satire. But this isn't Saturday Night Live, and there were serious problems that ruined the experience for the other test-takers, many of whom were taking it for the first time and using vouchers. This is undoubtedly happening across the country and crippling the scores and futures of thousands of students. Unfortunately, as in my experience,these problems may be especially prevalent in lower income areas where students aren't as well prepared for how the test SHOULD go, and incompetent proctors may be overlooked. Read this and make sure this doesn't happen to you. I'll address the five main issues that occurred: Shortened section times Communicating the wrong instructions Intolerable noise Poor proctoring leading to opportunities for cheating Break time waived I'm reporting 100% fact from my own experience. I'm not a dramatic person, and I wish these things hadn't happened. At the end, I'll address why these issues matter, what you as a test taker should learn from my experience, and what the College Board should learn from my experience. Shortened Section Time Issues While many students are angry over the 20/25-minute discrepancy on section 8/9 of the test, this is not the timing issue I am referring to. To be honest, no one at my testing center seemed to notice. There were too many other issues. We only received 20 minutes for the essay portion, instead of 25 minutes - a full 20% less than the allotted time. Our proctor incorrectly wrote that we started at 8:45 when we actually started at 8:50, according to my watch and the clock on the wall.I didn’t say anything at the time because I assumed he was timing off his own watch that was perhaps 5 minutes behind. I assumed we would be stopped at 9:15 according to my watch, but we were stopped at 9:10. How many clocks does it take to tell the time? I didn't say anything, and I regret it. I was able to finish my own essay, but I could have potentially helped the students around me. I didn't say anything at the time because I second-guessed myself. Was I wrong?Was the section only 20 minutes long? I re-read the instructions after the test was over and realized that we were supposed to have 25 minutes for the essay. Also, in some ways, I felt helpless. I only had 1 proctor in my room, and he was the one making the mistakes. Would he listen to me? Who could I talk to other than him? I should have sought help from the other proctors especially because the timing issues continued. On a few sections without a break before them, we were short a minute per section. For those sections, our proctor said the section began at the same time the other ended.When in fact, he read directions in between, so the new section began about a minute after the other ended. With only 10-25 minutes per section, this minute could have been crucial to students. I made a mistake by not speaking up, but you shouldn't. If this happens to you, you MUST speak up. While this issue may have had the most direct impact on our scores, the others are just as worrisome. 100% Incorrect Instruction Issues On top of the timing issues, there were issues with the instructions.At the beginning of the test when reading the directions, the proctor misspoke and said you could not write in your test booklet. What I think he meant was that you can’t ONLY write your answers in the test booklet, as you need to fill out the scantron to have your test scored. A student was confused and asked if she could write in the booklet. He said no. This is absolutely, 100% false. You're supposed to mark up the reading passages and do your math figuring directly in the test booklet. I spoke up. I said, â€Å"Yes, you can write in the booklet, but you need to put your final answers on the scantron.†The proctor said he wasn’t sure.Finally, another student spoke up and said that she read on the back of her test booklet that you can write in it.The student who originally asked the question looked unsure because the proctor still said he wasn’t sure. This is unacceptable. Imagine how hard it is to do math without writing out work or use process of elimination when you can’t physically cross out answer choices.If this happened at my site, you could imagine how many instruction issues occur throughout the country. People who have studied the test thoroughly know this instruction is wrong. But people who haven't taken the test and aren't prepared would have no idea.This would cripple their score. Another PrepScholar writer took the test at a different testing center in Los Angeles this weekend, and her proctor kept skipping over instructions or telling "jokes" like "the test will last 23 hours."Her proctor really scared some students with that one.Additionally, her proctor missed several 5-minute warnings. So, it's very important to bring your own watch to self-time.Some issues are out of your control: Unbearable, Concentration-Breaking Noise Issues During my test, there were noise issues CAUSED by the proctor as well as outside noise issues.After starting the test, our proctor promptly popped in ear buds and began listening to music. This is wrong on a number of levels.We could hear the music clearly through his headphones, and finally, about 10 minutes into the essay, one student had the courage to ask him to lower the volume.To his credit, our proctor apologized profusely and lowered the volume - but he should not have been listening in the first place. LOUD NOISES! At some point in the middle of the test, our proctor opened the window to our classroom (big mistake).During one section, we heard young children screaming in the hallway for a few minutes (why were they at a high school on a Saturday? who knows!).Our proctor did ask them to stop, but it was still a disturbance, and the window should have been closed. During a later section, there was a very loud ice cream truck playing â€Å"it’s a small world† on loop.I asked the proctor about it, but he just told me it was an ice cream truck and did nothing. It clearly was parked in the school parking lot or something because it continued to play â€Å"it’s a small world† audibly and loudly for about 15-20 minutes. This noise was incredibly distracting. I was trying to power through a CR passage and block it out.Again, the proctor did not close the window. He did not try to get another faculty member to investigate the noise. He just let it continue. I know noise issues are a common problem.Another PrepScholar writer took the test in Northern California this weekend, and her proctor was watching a movieon their iPad, which accidentally switched to full volume during a section.She said her proctor promptly turned it off.However, no proctors should be allowed to use electronic devices during the test.They need to be alert and focused to catch any possible cheating. Creating Opportunities for Cheating Issues During my test, there was a definite possibility of cheating. I am not saying that anyone cheated. I did not specifically see anyone cheating. However, I know it would have been far more possible to happen compared to normal testing centers. At the beginning of the test, when the proctor was listening to his music while at his desk, it would have been easy to whisper to the students around you to discuss the essay. Don't do it! During one break, the proctor stood outside the classroom by the door, leaving all of the students who decided to stay in the room alone at their desks with their test booklet and answer key.It would have been easy to go back and review your work or answer problems you couldn’t get to. Additionally, the proctor only walked up and down the aisles at most 3 times during the entire test.He did not check calculators.We could easily have had unapproved programs with vocabulary words or something else. While I genuinely do not think cheating occurred in my classroom, my proctor definitely opened himself up to possible cheating.My proctor did not seem to care about much other than getting out of the test as quickly as possible, which leads me to my next point. Waiving Important Breaks Issues Another huge issue was that after our 4th section break, our proctor put it to a vote as to whether we would only break between the 7th and 8th section or whether we’d take 2 breaks. No. This test is NOT a democracy. The College Board requires three 5-minutebreaks and doesn’t let the students decide.We voted to take only one break.My proctor was elated as he was â€Å"trying to get to a Dodger’s game.† I didn’t need another break; however, I’m sure if I were a student who wanted the additional break to reset, I would have been too nervous to speak up and conflict the group opinion. Students should not have been placed in that awkward situation. Why Does This Matter? Social Inequality. The College Board Is Failing Its Students. All of these problems created an incredibly unfair testing environment. I definitely think my score may have been impacted. I barely finished the Critical Reading section while "it's a small world" was playing on loop. All of the issues made it very difficult to concentrate. Additionally, the essay, for which we received20% less time than normal, counts for 30% of our Writing score. An incomplete essay or poorly written essay could easily drop your score 100-200 points on the Writing section. If this happened at my testing center, which I randomly chose from the centers available in the Los Angeles reason, irregularity must be incredibly prevalent, and that is unbelievably sad. As I mentioned, two other PrepScholar writers also had unforgivably bad experiences at their test sites.Testing center regulation should be of the utmost importance to the College Board, especiallyas I believe this issue may impact those at the lowest socioeconomic levels more. I took my test at George Washington Preparatory High School in the Westmont neighborhood in South Los Angeles. According to an article from the LA Times, the average household income in Westmont is $31,572. It ranks 242nd out of the 265 ranked neighborhoods by household income in Los Angeles, meaning it'sthe 13th poorest neighborhood in all of Los Angeles, in the bottom 10 percentile. The College Board already knows from their testing data that their SAT tests unfairly disadvantage those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. However, the College Board does not take into account the unfair testing conditions that may be contributing to these students' lower scores as well. I know that the playing fields are incredibly uneven when it comes to SAT testing centers. My original SAT Testing Center, William T. Dwyer High School in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, stuck to the rules. The proctors knew the instructionsand were able to answer any of our questions. There were no noise disturbances, and the timing was precise. The proctors circulated throughout the test, ensuring that there was no cheating. I don't know what it takes to become a proctor in South Los Angeles. Clearly, the proctors weren't instructed well, and the College Board doesn't care enough to maintain quality evenly throughout the country. If I were to guess, the College Board takes extra care when it knows students are hyper-vigilant and ready to pounce on a single screwup. In wealthy areas of metropolises like New York City, Boston, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Chicago, students would complain incessantly. And the College Board can't risk another scandal. So it pays attention to those areas and makes sure they stay quiet. But where students are unprepared, don't know their rights, and aren't as motivated to report problems, the College Board gets away with unforgivable behavior like this. TheSAT can account for a huge part of whether a student can get into her dream college or not. These conditions severely disadvantage the people the College Board is supposed to be trying to help. But not all hope is lost. While the College Board may not be doing anything to level the playing field, you as the test taker can take certain steps to help yourself get the fairest testing conditions possible. What a Test Taker Should Learn From My Experience: Try to go into the SAT as knowledgeable as possible about the test. Know the amount of timing you are allowed per section. Read the instructions at home. You should be able to read them off of any free SAT practice test. If you have any questions about these directions, email or call the College Board in advance of your test date, so you know the answer from the authority. Ask your older friends where they took their SAT. Ask them if there were any issues. Was the timing correct? Was there distracting noise? Bring your own watch to time yourself. If you notice a timing issue, raise your hand and ask/tell your proctor about it. For noise issues, unfortunately, the College Board doesn’t allow you to take the test with ear plugs (a policy I think they should change). You need to ask your proctor to close all windows. Ask your proctor to tell whoever is outside to quiet down or go elsewhere. If your proctor is unable to answer any questions you have about the instructions, ask your proctor to go ask someone else. Demand to speak to someone else or have your proctor call the College Board. If you have other issues with your proctor as far as allowing possible cheating or trying to cut out break or anything else, go find another proctor during your break! Tell the other proctor what is happening. If you feel your issues were not addressed at the testing center, call the College Board; here is their phone number. I did! The College Board takes these matters seriously as they pride themselves on standardization. What the College Board Should Learn From My Experience: With all of these issues, I hope the College Board will consider offering free re-tests to every other student at George Washington Prep High School. I also feel this reveals a bigger issue that the College Board needs to address: proctor training.I think all proctors should undergo a required training session before they act as a proctor for any SAT test. At these training sessions, the proctors should be taught the instructions and rules of the test. They should be taught the exact timing procedure including breaks, and they should be forced to practice it. Also, they should be told that they are never allowed to use electronic devices during the test. Additionally, they should be taughthow to watch for cheating by checking calculators, walking up and down the aisles, etc. Proctors need to know their own dos and don'ts. While I believe my proctor could have done better, I still think the College Board is to blame for the lack of standardized procedures at test centers. Why has the situation gotten so bad? I am not sure. Perhaps the College Board needs to send observers to every school site toensure fair testing conditions are being met? I also think thatall SAT test takersshould receive a test taker’s rights guide from the College Board so that they know what is fair or unfair.These students I took the test with were mainly first time, voucher-using students, who had no idea what to expect. What’s Next? Taking the SAT soon? Learn about the rules and regulations, and know thatif your test center has a problem to speak up. Trying to figure out where to go to college? Let us help you pick out your target school. Studying for the SAT? Read our ultimate SAT study guide. Taking the test really soon? Learn how to cram for the test. Want to improve your SAT score by 160points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Porter Novelli or Southern Company Case Study Term Paper

Porter Novelli or Southern Company Case Study - Term Paper Example Southern Company aptly exemplifies the manner in which organizations triumph by adopting proper performance management strategy. Proper performance management strategy in turn is successful to the extent that its exercise will be centered on the welfare of the personnel. 1. Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Roles That the Strategic Leaders Played In the Formation of the Performance Management Strategy Goldsmith and Carter (2010) point out that strategic leaders for Southern Company have played effective roles in the formation of the performance management strategy, based on several yardsticks. One of the ways in which this success is visible is the manner in which the Southern Company has hired employees at the entry level and continued to promote individual employees internally, thereby helping these employees occupy leadership positions that are available within the organization. This is directly connected to the observation of proper management strategy since the intra-organizat ional promotion of individuals to higher offices is usually a culmination of employees' culture of meeting performance target. Similarly, the same is a culmination of proper setting of feasible yet dynamic performance targets, supervision and bridging of performance gaps. The same also demands the exaction of workshop drives, training programs, and mentorship programs. The setting of performance target, supervision, the bridging of performance gaps and the extension of rewards to outstanding performers [by giving promotions] are all very important facets of performance management strategy. According to Fegley and Society for Human Resource Management (2007), another indicator of the effectiveness with which strategic leaders have contributed towards the formation of its performance management strategy is the low turnover rate that the company has had. This characteristically low turnover rate has enabled the Southern company to possess older, more seasoned and more tenured personnel . It is against this backdrop that over the years, Southern Company has been able to nurture a group of leaders that are in possession of a profound depth of business knowledge and who are strongly aligned with Southern Company's organizational culture. The maintenance of a low turnover is in turn a complex result of performance management strategy. This is because performance management strategy involves proper determination of performance goals, correctional measures to seal performance gaps and the extension of incentives. All these factors are important in extirpating high turnover. The drawing up of proper performance goals ensures employees are provided with the right of amount of work [and therefore reducing the risks of overworking or underperformance] while the sealing of performance gaps have to be humane enough to inculcate both a sense of belonging and challenge. The extension of incentives such as promotions, higher emoluments, grants and acts of acknowledgement directl y dissuade employees from seeking greener pastures, and thereby abating high turnover. Another way in which Strategic leaders for Southern Company h

Foundational Paradigm for Ministry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Foundational Paradigm for Ministry - Essay Example hed values, the operative functions of the Church, the priorities to be undertaken by the Church, its direction along with the specific duties which must be performed by the bishop, and also the critical foundations which would help differentiate true essence of Christianity from the false version. This implies that various sources must be analyzed to converge the paradigm which must reflect true teachings of Christ. An analysis of the aforementioned perspectives will lead to an emergence of a foundational paradigm for the ministry which may be useful to understand the religious values in context, also it would help in the identification of one`s own personal afflictions towards religion. In order to understand the Church, the purpose for which the ministry of Church has been established would have to be discussed in detail. Various scriptures and analysis of the holy Bible suggest that the people of God are those who are alive merely for spiritual wellbeing, those who believe in the royal priesthood, people of God and those who serve others. These references imply that there is more to life for people of God than they can ever imagine, i.e. they must be indulged in building the spiritual tower, they must offer their spiritual rituals and sacrifices for worship (Branick 2009). Furthermore, an analysis of the Pastoral Letters suggest that people of God must abstain from the lust and darkness of the world, and ensure that their way of life is in compliance with the testimony of excellence offered by the religion. In addition, these letters draw attention towards what the true nature of the Church must be as opposed to a version which has been polluted. Furthermore, the foundations of the Church may be identified by virtue of Timothy and Titus which stress on the doctrines of humility, righteousness and hospitality on part of those running the institution (Manning 1871). Therefore, the people of God may thus be referred to as God`s Children, where those undertaking

Krispy Kreme Objectives

Krispy Kreme Objectives Krispy Kreme is a famous chain of donut and coffee store all around the world. In 1937, Vernon Rudolph founded Krispy Kreme in Winston-Salem. Since then Krispy Kremes mission has been to provide the best service and highest-quality products to customers. At first, Vernon Rudolph started his business by selling donut to other stores. But in 1938, he opened the first Krispy Kreme store in Winston-Salem and began to sell donuts to customers. Today, Krispy Kreme grows rapidly in international business with the opening of a lot of stores in Australia, United Kingdom, Asia and Middle Eastà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ not to mention its franchise expansions. In this case, we will discuss about Krispy Kreme strategies, the reason why Krispy Kreme need to revamp its own strategy plans as well as the environmental factor that influence the company. PART II Objective Case Question 1 Explain Krispy Kremes strategic and operational plans. Every business needs a strategy or at least an operational plan in order to grow and make more profits. Strategy is a plan for achieving objectives and following the mission statements. Strategic planning includes three planning level: corporate, business and functional. In this case study, we will discuss about the expansion of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts. Since going public, Krispy Kreame has been a standout in America with more 300 stores in 44 states and expensed to other country such as Canada, UK, Mexico, Australia, Japanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [1]  This growth can be considered as both opportunity and threat. This is the opportunity of expansion: in the final quarter of the year 2003, worldwide sales of Krispy Kreme doughnuts increased nearly 29% to 251.1 million dollar. Company revenue, which includes sales from company stores, franchise fees and other operations rose more than 31% to 169.6 million dollar  [2]  . Even thought this expansion brought profits to the company, Krispy Kreme has downturn. One of the reasons is they opened too many stores in too little time and ship their doughnuts to a grocery stores everywhere and anywhere, diluted the appeal of its core product-The Original Glazed. When they sold their doughnuts to a grocery store, th ey would lose two important factors. First, the quality is not originally good as when you eat them right as they come off conveyor belt at the retail store. Second, customers are too familiar with watching the doughnuts being made adds to magic of the product  [3]  . Krispy Kreme is also lack of advertising of their products and very weak menu. Another problem at Krispy Kreme is about franchises. The Krispy Kreme craze in the early 2000s drove millions of customers to stores, waiting in line for the cherished fresh glazed delicacies. As the result, the number of Krispy Kreme franchises increased very fast trying to enter the market. A new store may offer additional revenue to the home office, but the overall result is less profit for each individual store owner. For example, between 2003 and 2004, second quarter revenues increased by 15%, but same store revenues had only increased by 1 percent  [4]  . Beside doughnut, Krispy Kreme has been expanded into coffee business with the acquisition of Digital Java Inc. a coffee company in 2002. This acquisition met some strategic including eagerly wish for provide a coffee experience for customers, as well as companys integration. The idea for selling coffee is wonderful, if the Krispy Kreme was consistent in its actions. Maybe there should be fewer stores with more ambitions put into them. Krispy Kreme could be a main competitor of Dunkin Doughnut with more chances to win customers back. PART III Objective question 2 Why is Krispy Kreme facing the need to revamp its strategic plans? Obviously, Krispy Kremes strategic plan is to make money, just like all business in the world. But having a wrong strategic plan can terminate the business and that why we will find out the reason that Krispy Kreme is facing the need to revamp its strategic plans. One of the major competitors of Krispy Kreme is Dunkin Doughnut. In Dunkin Doughnut, managers everywhere continued to plod along, making the doughnuts and selling coffee. Someone even named it better than Starbuck  [5]  and actually more than haft of revenues of Dunkin comes from coffee business. People love Dunkin more than Krispy Kreme not only because delicious donuts but also its the rest of menu. So this is the one reason for Krispy to revamp its strategic plans, to expanse in their menu. Otherwise, they will lose their customers. Other reason for revamping strategic plans is about customers. In Australia, Krispy Kreme has 50 stores for 21 million people. Krispy Kreme failed to understand that in this country they needed to operate as a specialty retailer. People would travel to the store to buy a dozen of doughnuts. Sometime they travel by airplane just to buy a big bag of Krispy Kreme doughnuts. It suggested that the brand had a very strong novelty value in Australia. But how sustainable this level of demand really was? Selling them by dozen is not appropriate for individual customer and customers cannot have differenced brand experience or amazing product. PART IV Objective question 3 Was Krispy Kremes performance affected by the low-carb diets that were popular? Explain. In the face of growing consumer distaste for high-carb foods like bread and pasta, Krispy Kreme cut its full-year earnings forecast by 10 percent and said it would shut down or sell off operations of  Montana Mills Bread Co., a gourmet bread and pastry chain it bought last year .The low-carb diets are not affected too much to the company because in USA just 6 or 7 million people are on low-carb diet and most of American dont change the way their eat. The low-carb fad is certainly having an impact but there are a number of other things, such as its rapid store expansion and the low productivity in its new stores. The company has become increasingly dependent on selling doughnuts in grocery stores and other retailers. Dunkin Donuts may also be a problem for Krispy Kreme. Dunkin Donuts, which touts the quality of its coffee, sells a more diverse line of breakfast foods than Krispy Kreme, with bagels, muffins and breakfast sandwiches in addition to its own doughnuts. PART V Objective question 4 Which management function is the focus of this case? (Chapter 1) In this case, Planning is the main function of management. It is the basic management function which includes formulation of one or more detailed plans to achieve optimum balance of needs or demands with the available resources.  [6]   In the 1990s, Krispy Kreme grew rapidly to the national phenomenon with 366 stores in 44 states  [7]  all for selling doughnuts. This business strategy soon ran to the problem and downturn because they had too many stores to control, lack of advertising, cost increased in ingredient and franchises problem. In order to recovery from the crisis, Krispy Kreme have been deployed some strategic planning included add variable choices to its menu, advertising on TV and radio, produce healthier products and try to develop based on its own strength. Krispy Kreme become famous because of its signature Original Glazed Doughnut and the company try to take the advantage on that when they selling Glazed Doughnut only by a dozen. They know people loving it. But if they dont do something, they will lose their customers. The writer comment is Krispy Kreme should close unprofitable store as well as diversify and expand in product mix. Krispy Kreme potential still very big, they can win their custo mer back if they change their strategy into right path. PART VI Objective question 5 To which environmental factor did Krispy Kreme attribute its problems, and to which environmental factor did analyst attribute the problems? (Chapter 2) The environmental factors that influence Krispy Kreme included customers, competitors, technologies and its structure. Krispy Kreme is a major competitor in restaurant industry, well-known for its doughnuts. But by 2006, Krispy Kremes net loss was about $135.8 million and in 2007 it had cut back to 299 stores compared to 366 stores in 1990s. Krispy Kreme attribute the problems were low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets. A diet is external environment problem that still effect to Krispy Kreme today. Krispy Kremes core product Original Glazed doughnuts unfortunately is very high-carbohydrate, reverse with customers demand of low-carb food. Even Krispy Kreme can see the problem about low-carb foods, they cannot change their technology to make healthier doughnuts because if they do that, their doughnuts wont have original taste anymore and can hurt their business even further. But that is what Krispy Kreme said. Besides that, there is more than one problem about Krispy Kreme. The analyst stated that Krispy Kreme have grown too fast but also low productivity in its new stores, too reliance to franchisors and grocery stores when Krispy Kreme only own 108 stores in 300 stores of Krispy Kreme. Another problem is since this is perfect competition market, there is no significant barrier to enter the market, Krispy Kreme faces with considerable competition from small and large  companies, especially Dunkin Donuts. They compete very hard in quality as well as price. PART VII Conclusion Inclusion, every company sometime make a mistake in their strategies, what important is they can recovery and get experience through that mistake so that they wont repeat that mistake. The Ex-Chief Executive Officer Daryl Brewster have done that by increased advertisements, expanded the product line. The new CEO James Morgan is bringing profits back to Krispy Kreme when revenues for Winston-Salem Krispy Kreme doughnuts rose by 6.3% to $87.9 million in its fiscal second quarter and net income rose to $2.2 million from a loss of $157.000 compared to a year ago  [8]  . Although Krispy Kreme is not as profitable as the old time, managers of Krispy Kreme are trying their best to revive the company. Avoid expanding too fast again, grow slowly, learn something from their competitors and especially listen to the customers are some of recommendations. By realize the problem and step-by-step begin to implement the right solutions, the Krispy  Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. can once again thrive in todays restaurant industry markets.

Nordstrom SWOT Essay

Representing people with disabilities in their catalogs since 1997, which is rare. This is a strength because it represents all customers of Nordstrom, not leaving out certain groups because of industry ‘norms’. This speaks volumes to all customers that Nordstrom recognizes them as individuals, but also, as O’Connell mentioned in an interview, â€Å"people with disabilities represent a significant marketing opportunity with $225 billion in discretionary income†¦ and companies that understand this will have a competitive advantage.† Has a customer first attitude to differentiate Nordstrom from other high-end retailers and department stores and build customer loyalty. They are in a highly competitive market involving high fashion, quality items at a premium price, but their service is what drives their business in. They invest in high quality staff, greet customers by name, write personal thank you notes, make follow up calls about satisfaction with prod ucts, have large well lit stores and fitting rooms, have a price match system, as well as a very lenient no questions return policy, all combined to keep their customers as satisfied as they can. Find a study that talks about service driving in customers, customer surveys, reports, etc. Nordstrom has different brands and product lines to reach different market segments and keep up with trends. These include: Rack, Haute Look, Treasure & Bond, and Trunk Club. This offers mid price markets opportunities to join with regular high price markets, online exclusive shoppers to join the Nordstrom network and fashions, appeal to â€Å"give-back† shoppers, and gives men a new online shopping experienced linked to the perks of Nordstrom’s inventories and in store tailors. This is a strength of the company because it creates a larger customer base to represent and build markets in, allowing the company growth in a variety of areas that competitors are not hitting. Compared to retail apparel competitors, â€Å"Nordstrom Inc. reported Total Revenue increase in the 2 quarter 2014 by 6.13 % year on year. The sales growth was above Nordstrom Inc.’s competitors average re venue growth of 0.99 %, recorded in the same quarter. With net margin of 5.4 % company  achieved higher profitability than its competitors.†   The Nordstrom Brand name and size are also strengths of the company. The Nordstrom brand has been around long enough to build relationships with suppliers and attain exclusive brands to carry, and establish lines of distribution, which puts them above new entrants because it is difficult to gain licensing for exclusive brands when you are not already established as well as establish your distribution system. They also have a size advantage having 118 original Nordstrom stores, 162 Nordstrom Rack locations, 2 Jeffrey boutiques, 1 clearance store and they also reach customers online in 96 countries through Nordstrom.com and reaching customers online through HauteLook and NordstromRack.com as well. The high brand awareness, and availability is what competes in department and apparel retail. The company carries unique products; exceptional, high quality brands that are not going to be found at discount retailers to create the exclusive feel for customers. They also new experiences an d brands within the company through their Spa and Restaurants within some of the Nordstrom front-line stores. These differentiate Nordstrom from direct competitors, but also from restaurants competition by using quality, sustainability, and responsibility as their guide to the best experience. (http://wwwiebe.com/nordstrom-customer-service-first/) Find article about competitors with restaurants and spas, and how this makes a difference compared to their revenues and restaurants too. Has established online presence in 96 countries and built network through their multiple websites for each store brand, built their own app to shop from your phone, and gotten involved in social media, more specifically Instagram with their â€Å"Instalog† while keeping all of this integrated with their mortar stores. They also understand that â€Å"when you stop evolving with your customer, you die,† as Jamie Nordstrom, president of stores, has said. They are building fulfillment centers to accommodate online shopping more quickly, use RFID chips to keep their perpetual inventory system for stores and online to share, and invested more into online growth than brick and mortar stores,  knowing that this is where their growth is coming from. â€Å"Over the next several years Nordstrom expects to derive half of its sales from the Rack and from its online units, versus 38 percent today,† and that’s because â€Å"the U.S. Commerce Department estimates that electronic commerce amounted to 6.2 percent of total retail sales in the first quarter of 2014.† Analysts have also been saying Nordstrom has thrived compared to competitors because it is a pioneer in perks like free shipping and also having the unique diversity of products online. Their expansion into Canada this year also gives them an advantage against competitors who have not branched out internationally yet. This opens their market up to Calgary shoppers, Canada’s strong economy, an area underserved of luxury items, shoppers who are familiar with the brand, and expectation to grow to a total of 5 Canadian stores within 2 years. If their expansion continues in a positive way like their first opening, they will continue to have this s trength over their competitors. Weaknesses: Because Nordstrom focuses mainly on their customer service and does price matching on their items, they are at risk to be directly affected by price fluctuations and economic trends. The fluctuations in the market are out of Nordstrom’s control, but their choice of pricing strategy to match prices are internal choices that they are choosing to be vulnerable to. If they don’t want this as a weakness they would try to reinvent their pricing strategy to keep competitive pricing without matching competition because that is directly relative to the market. Offering free shipping does improve their customer loyalty, but it also comes with a high cost for the company. This is a weakness because they internally chose to make this sacrifice for the greater good of the company and take the hit on spending, but is hard to measure the direct effects of customer loyalty because of  free shipping. Nordstrom has the opportunity to invest more into their credit business because many of their competitors have more resources in this area giving them an advantage. Their competition is external but the choice to not invest highly in their credit business is a weakness of Nordstrom. The company would have to look into how they allocate their resources to see if there is room to invest additionally into this sector of business and if it would bring sufficient benefit to them. Opportunities: Already reaching 96 countries with their online retailing, Nordstrom continues to have room for growth in this area. New technology is keeping the market on their toes with ideas to expand and take advantage sooner than competitors, which is why Nordstrom is spending to grow fulfillment of network for direct sales channels to make delivery faster, and improve mobile app and in store personalized experience. They already have an app that was revealed earlier this year, Instagram, and multiple online stores with Nordstrom.com, NordstromRack.com and HauteLook.com, with plans to introduce Canadian Nordstrom Rack soon. The company plans to invest $150 million into its’ online retailing. They plan to hire up to 400 people for their e-commerce group, including Kirk Beardsley, the former director of business development at Amazon. Their acquisition of HauteLook changed their ecommerce capabilities, and they continue to look for integration opportunities to grow expansion further. They need to continually understand new markets such as the discount merchandising market, which they have recently made their footprint grow Rack sales by 20% in the first quarter of the year, compared to comparable stores that only grew 6.4%. The reason their growth opportunities online and in different markets remain an opportunity is because technology, online trends, and consumer preferences are always changing. They need to continue to stay on their toes with the online retail market since growth is higher than physical stores currently. Currently Nordstrom is â€Å"developing a strategy to secure their supply  chain in a resource constrained world will enable them to leverage their customer service brand image† by investing in recycling, transportation, paper and packaging, energy, water, human rights, organic food, and community support. They have the opportunity to continue this path of enhancing social and environmental sustainability, corporate social responsibility, and supply chain management to appeal to environmental supporting markets. The Canada debut of stores is their first branch into international markets, which says the company is in a stable enough spot to take on these new complex roles in the market. They have a good economy with a high median family income at $90,000 in the areas they plan to continue growth in. According to government data, this is the highest in metropolitan areas in Canada, giving the company the opportunity to expand and capture their market. There are not current plans to expand beyond Canada, but if they succeed there then that again leaves open an entire new box of options for the company to move overseas. Nordstrom will also be opening up Nordstrom Rack locations in Canada once they accomplish their mission with front-line stores, opening up opportunities to reach the middle class Canadian consumers who want designer brands at a bargain. Continuing to be an innovative brand will be an opportunity for Nordstrom to take advantage of. They launched their â€Å"first time private-lab el brand that will give 5 percent of its earnings to Girls Inc. and other nonprofits that seek to empower women and young girls. The move comes amid the increasing popularity of â€Å"give-back† fashion.† The charitable boutique Nordstrom opened in New York’s SoHo neighborhood in 2011, Treasure&Bond, will be available at 86 stores around the country and online as well to promote their â€Å"give-back† persona. There will be constant opportunity to follow trends and compete in the market with things such as these, and Nordstrom has the opportunity to continue its’ successful planning to meet them and conquer.   Disposable incomes in the US are rising, for instance June 2014 were at an all time high at 13021.20 billion versus the previous month at 12969.70 billion. What this means for Nordstrom and all retailers is that spending will begin/continue to increase and they need to be the brand/company that captures those sales. Their expansion, online presence, and quality need to continue to improve, and there marketing strategy relying heavily on word of mouth may need re-evaluation to determine if this is the best way to promote the brand while maintaining their high image.   Sales per square foot vary company to company and your ability to stock, merchandise, and turnover quicker than your competitor is an opportunity to capitalize on. Maintaining highest sales per square foot is a competitive tool in the retail industry and in 2013 Nordstrom had the highest sales per square foot at $400 in comparison to direct competitors Macy’s at $173 and Saks Fifth Ave at $350. Their ability to stock more into a space and turnover that merchandise faster than competition is a strength of Nordstrom in the external market. Threats: The department store and apparel industries are highly competitive, with direct competitors of Nordstrom being: Bloomingdale’s, Macy’s, Dillard’s, Saks Fifth Ave, and Neiman Marcus. As consumer preference continues to shift, and incomes continue to rise the market will only continue to be more and more competitive, leveraging many opportunities for each company. There is also a lot of indirect competition of Nordstrom including food service, spas, boutiques, discount retailers, online retailers, and specialty stores. This creates significant competitive areas and factors in position including their customer service, unique fashion trends, selection, quality, environment, location, and convenience. Further threats for the company to consider while making decisions also include plans for growth, market share, pricing, supply chains, brand image and much more. There is also indirect competition for Nordstrom’s credit business like banks, credit card companies , and other stores that offer a store card such as JCP, Saks,  Dillard’s, Macy’s and Dillard’s. Because some of the competitors in this area have more financial marketing and resources to dedicate to their credit business, it makes it a huge threat to Nordstrom The economy will continue to be a threat not only in the US but also in their new Canadian expansion. The US economy and Americans spending is going up, as listed in the opportunities column, but because the past decade has been rough its effects may still linger and possibly shift into Canada’s economy as well. The threat of an economic downturn is something that all businesses face though, so to be safe Nordstrom should continually set realistic expectations and plans for what they would do in that situation. Price changes and increasing costs also threaten Nordstrom’s supply chain of designer and high-end brands. Because of the global climate changes and shortages in resources, the market for material, labor, and transportation are not as stable. This threatens Nordstrom because higher costs for them are not good if they’re not producing higher sales or profits, and the environmental effects on their business is completely out of their control. Online expansio n of all retailers especially a dominator like Amazon has put up many obstacles for Nordstrom. It is difficult and expensive to constantly and quickly transition to new technological changes. Nordstrom is threatened by these changes to see if it can successfully invest and continually update to the markets demands. Their repositioning online and through social media with the wave of technology seems to be going well so far, but time will tell if they are able to continue on top or if they will fall behind the industry. In Canadian market they just entered there is a battle for the luxury market, which is not sufficiently claimed yet. Hudson’s Bay Company has Canadian roots and just bought Saks, with plans to move them up to Canada as well. This will harshly threaten Nordstrom’s pull on luxury market share in Canada. There is  also the 177-year-old brand Holt Renfrew that announced expansion in its Calgary luxury store, which is in the same place as the first Canadian Nordstrom. This is again a direct threat to their business in Canada and how their expansion will determine if they can grab and hold onto market share. There are also not many to choose from talent wise in Canada because the luxury market is not prominent so there is little experience to find. There is also a higher average wage in the area they are stationed because of the oil-fueled jobs in the Calgary area, so they will have higher labor costs demanded as well. References: http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2024579800_nordstromcanadaxml.html?cmpid=2628 https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/nordstrom/id474349412?mt=8 http://www.luxurydaily.com/nordstrom-integrates-instagram-to-create-shopping-experience/ http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/business/ci_26254983/models-disabilities-star-nordstrom-catalog http://wwwiebe.com/nordstrom-customer-service-first/ http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2024313399_nordstromearningsxml.html http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2024291908_nordstromstorexml.html http://www.internetretailer.com/2014/05/19/nordstrom-invests-heavily-e-commerce http://callisto.ggsrv.com/imgsrv/FastFetch/UBER1/306343_GDRT31838FSA

Mythological Hero Comparison Essay

Ancient and Modern Super Heroes Hero myths are the best-known mythological stories because they involve colossal characters that are easily recognizable. In ancient Greece heroes such as Homer’s Odysseus, Apollo, and Achilles are â€Å"super heroes.† In modern day literature and pop culture mythological characters like those found in comic books are the equivalent. Super heroes and their stories involve characters that put themselves in harm’s way to protect something or someone else. Whether it is ancient Greek mythology one is studying or modern day comic book characters, the theme, and meaning are the same. In other words, â€Å"the story they tell belongs to us all† (Powell, 1990, p. 8). A modern day super hero who protects his society while maintaining a tremendous persona is Batman, created by Bill Finger in 1940. Batman does not possess the typical deity powers of ancient hero mythological characters, but he does embark on a quest to save Gotham City from crime and corruption whil e exhibiting characteristics common in his mythological hero counterparts. Like Homer’s Odysseus, Batman exudes mythological deity characteristics, including strength, courage, and selflessness. Batman is today what Homer’s Odysseus is to ancient Greece. He embodies what mythological characters stand for during the times of ancient Greece, â€Å"but stand for something more, something that crosses boundaries† (Rohac, n.d., p. 1). He also lives in Gotham City, which is a place any person can see him or herself living in, which helps to reinforce the mythological idea behind the super hero. In afterlife mythology, when Odysseus visits the Land of the Dead, he does so exuding his heroic quality of strength. Like Batman, Odysseus requires strength, not in the physical sense, but the emotional and mental sense because â€Å"the Land of the Dead is a place marked by emptiness and despair† (Powell, 1990, p. 67) that only a heroic man can encounter on his epic journey. Batman has grown up in Gotham City and following his father’s death the city is in the tight grips of crime again and under the control of a powerful gang called ‘the mutants’ (Reynolds, 1992). Gotham City is like that of an afterlife because it is devoid of law and order. Like Odysseus, Batman requires the mental and emotional strength to confront each of the various mutants he takes down. Another common trait that mythological heroes Odysseus and Batman possess is courage. By definition of what these men do, courage runs through their bloodstreams as air and hormones. For Odysseus  there mere fact that he leaves Ithaca for 12 years to fight in Troy is courageous. He leaves behind the heir to the throne and his son, Telemachus, who was born shortly after Odysseus left for the Trojan War (Nelson, 2008). No ordinary man would be able to leave behind his family and people to face war. This is the type of action that commands courage of a brave man. Although Batman may not be fighting a war like the Trojan War that involves daunting voyages at sea for weeks on end, he does face criminals and thugs who are attacking Gotham City. Batman learned to be courageous from his mentor RÄ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Al Ghul who warned Batman, â€Å"you lack the courage to do all that is necessary. If someone stands in the way of true justice, you simply walk up behind him and stab him in the heart† (Nolan & Goyer, 2006, p. 125). Batman decides at the birth of his alter ego to take on the crime in Gotham City without the use of lethal force. He punishes the crooks and gangs by working around legislation. Batman’s decision to avoid lethal force is an act of courage because it is easy to kill the enemy, but it is another to incapacitate temporarily the enemy that may return to face him on his journey to keep Gotham City safe. Finally Batman and Odysseus embark on their quests as selfless acts to accomplish a specific goal. Odysseus sets out to be a part of the Trojan War despite wanting nothing more than to â€Å"achieve his goal of returning home to Ithaca† (Powell, 1990, p. 295). Soldiers who enter battle are brav e and selfless because they put their own lives on the line to protect what belongs to them. In a similar vein, Batman works during the night to rid Gotham City of the thugs who take over the city. Though it can be argued Batman is anything but selfless because his work as Batman is in an attempt to avenge his father’s death by one of the very street gangs he battles, Batman does what he does in attempt to make his city a safer, better place to live, much like the men and women on the frontlines of the battlefield, or a hero like Odysseus. In conclusion, the modern day super hero who protects his society while maintaining an immense persona and the hero from ancient Greece who sets out on an epic quest possess qualities that mark each as strong, courageous, and selfless individuals. These are qualities super heroes possess that society has come to expect from the classic hero. As the hero battles to keep their home territory safe, it is important to bear in mind â€Å"the context of the universal struggle between order and chaos† (Powell, 1990, p. 8) stands to  be a timeless test for society in general. References Leeming, D.A. (1990). The world of myth. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Nelson, M. Odysseus and Aeneas: A classical perspective on leadership, The Leadership Quarterly, Volume 19, Issue 4, August 2008, Pages 469-477, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2008.05.010. Reynolds, R. (1992). Super heroes: A modern mythology. London, : B.T. Batsford. Rohac, G. (n.d.). More than heroes. An examination of comic book heroes as modern mythologies. Retrieved from http://www.georgerohac.com/docs/comm411.pdf

Analysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible - 883 Words

Name: Lauren Ciesielski Period AP NOVEL FORM 1. Title: The Crucible 2. Author (first and last name) and date of first publication: Arthur Miller and 1953 3. List four main characters with a one-sentence description of each. a. John Proctor – A farmer in Salem that is married to Elizabeth Proctor and is trying to get Elizabeth to forgive him for his sins of lechery on Abigail. b. Abigail Williams- A young lady who tries to throw herself at John Proctor due to their previous affair and is even willing to murder Elizabeth. c. Mary Warren – The servant of the Proctors who is testified on court to help John, but after getting threatened of using witch craft changes her mind due to her fear of Abigail. D. Reverend John Hale- A†¦show more content†¦c. Reverend Parris’s House – Betty became ill, causing everyone to gather in the house and question who in Salem was a witch. 6. One paragraph plot summary focusing on main events. The beginning of the play starts off with Betty Parris sick due to being in the forest with the other girls dancing at night. Many people come to Reverend Parris’s house to see what had happen and if it was the devil’s doing. One of these visitors was John Proctor, who Abigail threw herself at. When she finally comes back, Abigail and her start to accuse other people of being with the devil in order to help save themselves. Later, Mary Warren is away for important court duties. John and Elizabeth are not happy, but Mary gives Elizabeth a poppet. Mary also has news that her name was brought among the court. The clerk and Marshall arrive at the door to take Elizabeth base on Abigail’s accusations and is sent away. John reacts fast and he and Mary go to the court to defender her. When the trial begins, Mary gives a deposition that the girls were sporting. Abigail begins to mimic Mary, causing her to get confused and disregarding everything. John is charged also duri ng the court. He and Elizabeth were both sentence to be hanged, Elizabeth later due to being pregnant. Hale rushes to John and telling him that god will forgive him, but John becomes a man and is hanged. 7. Two symbols and what they refer to