Analysis Of The Film C.r. Y Directed By Jean Marc Vallee

The film C.R.A.Z.Y, directed by Jean-Marc Vallà ©e is about a man named Zac, recounting his adventure of searching for his identity. Laurianne and Gervais give birth to 5 distinct guys, but Zac is particularly special. He supposedly has a ‘gift where he can cure burns, and heal people, but little do they know; his special gift is that he is gay. The film C.R.A.Z.Y uses diegetic elements, selecting specific events, and a four-part structure to display narrative. In the exposition, we see that this family is very religious because they are shown going to midnight mass. The second aspect we learn that will be very significant is that he was premature and was dropped, so it would explain why his family thinks he has a gift and why he has a scar on his head. We also learn that his desires are ignored based on stereotypes and gender norms. In the second section of the film, we get a sense that his character has changed. He’s much more rebellious shown by the scene where he puts his music even louder, after his dad lowered it, and when his father puts his cigarette out, he blew smoke right back into his face. He also starts smoking pot and expresses that he no longer believes in his religion. Although he begins to reject the Catholic Church, he secretly wants help from God. In one particular scene, he is lying in bed and he puts his hands together and whispers, Please†¦ Anything but that This part is particularly important to the narr ative because it shows how desperate he is to

The Development And Evolution Of Basketball - 1388 Words

The Development and Evolution of Basketball This paper will show the evolution of Dr. Naismith’s game of basketball and team size, players on the court at a time, substitutions, baskets, backboards, balls, scoring, free throws, fouls, and the rules that come with them. The purpose of this paper is to show the development and evolution of basketball. Team Size and Players on the Court How has the size of teams changed since 1891? When Dr. Naismith had a class at the YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts, he planned to play with as many people who showed up. 18 people showed up to that class, so they played nine on nine. The positions where: the left wing, the right wing, the home, the center, the right center, the left center, the right guard, the left guard, and the goalkeeper. When the game became more popular, everybody wanted to play, with the ‘as many people can play at a time’ rule, teams of up to 50 were used, which was much too many. During this time, the rule changed to ‘you can have large teams, but only nine players on your team can be on the court at a time’ (â€Å"Evolution of the Game†). How has the amount of players on the court at a time changed since creation? When Dr. Naismith had his class at the YMCA, he planned to let everybody play at once, but only having 18 people in that clas s, it was hard to determine whether or not large amounts of players on the court at a time would work, they played with nine on nine. Early leagues only had two teams because there wasShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Origin of the Game of Basketball1391 Words   |  6 Pagesfans across the globe may get thrills while watching an intense minor or professional basketball game, although, few actually know where or how this widely popular sport was created. From this paper, one will acquire information about the origin of the game of basketball, how the game has evolved over time, and basketball as a business. â€Å"The two questions that I am most commonly asked when I am discussing basketball with persons whom I have just met are, How did you come to think of it? and WhatRead More The Female Athlete: The Image and the Ideal Essay529 Words   |  3 Pagespresented in the films for this class have had a strong connection to the images of ideal women in society in general. Like the ideal image of women, there are many variations of the ideal image of female athletes. While Dare to Compete tracked the evolution of the role of the real female athletes, the feature films we watched presented varying views of the ideal female athlete, which has been different in different times and places. Remember the Titans was set in the seventies, and the female charactersRead MoreEssay on The Evolution of the Image of Women in Sports1081 Words   |  5 PagesThe Evolution of the Image of Women in Sports 1. Through the readings, films, and discussions, we have looked at the image of women in sport. Discuss the images of women in sport and how they are affected by todays cultural ideal of women. All of the films that we watched provided different perspectives on how the image of women is situated in our culture. From the first movie, Dare to Compete, which highlighted the development of womens participation in sports, to Love and Basketball, whichRead More The Changing Face Of Basketball Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pages The Changing Face of Basketball Basketball has come a long way since its soccer ball and peach basket beginnings in that its style, players, facilities and leagues have developed dramatically and gained tremendous popularity. Salaries have increased from Bob Cousys minute $45.00 a game (Minser 37) to Michael Jordans $300,000 + per game (Minser 37). Basketball is a sport in which all ages can participate in any way, shape, or form and is a big part of American society today. In 1891 James A.Read MoreCollege Athletes for Hire1422 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen numerous heated debates about the integrity of many things concerning the NCAA and how it handles legal and ethical issues. Two well renowned scholars tackle this issue in their co-authored book entitled College Athletes for Hire, The Evolution and Legacy of the NCAAs Amateur Myth written by Allen L. Sack and Ellen J. Staurowsky. In their book, the authors enlighten the reader on such issues as athletic scholarships, professionalism in college sports, and favoritism for athletes as wellRead More College Athletes For Hire Essays1407 Words   |  6 Pageshave been numerous heated debates about the integrity of many things concerning the NCAA and how it handles legal and ethical issues. Two well renowned scholars tackle this issue in their co-authored book entitled â€Å"College Athletes for Hire, The Evolution and Legacy of the NCAA’s Amateur Myth† written by Allen L. Sack and Ellen J. Staurowsky. In their book, the authors enlighten the reader on such issues as athletic scholarships, professionalism in college sports, and favoritism for athletes as wellRead More How the Introduction of the Individual into a Non-traditional Sport for His or Her Gender Affects t1429 Words   |  6 Pagesdelicate. All of these events have one thing in common: they, in their own context, involve individuals entering a non-traditional sport for their gender or race. Over the years, events such as these continually arise causing either promotion of the evolution of this sport, or the destruction or discouragement of similar events occurring in the future. For the most part, such events are initially held in a negative light, only to become accepted over time, nevertheless showing the scars of damage and/orRead MoreHigh School, Collegiate, And Profess ional Activities1033 Words   |  5 PagesCompetition, in other words, helps to speed innovation and improve ideas and techniques. For instance, early football and basketball coach Paul Brown tested the boundaries of both games by creating new ways to beat opponents (Stoll, 2016). Brown sewed halves of footballs on the jerseys of his players to confuse the other team on who the ball carrier was (Stoll, 2016). He also, in basketball, superheated his gymnasium and acclimated his players to increased temperature (Stoll, 2016). Then, visiting opponentsRead MoreThe Importance of Sports to Columbia1149 Words   |  5 Pagesimportant factors in the development of a country and a culture. In Colombia, there are a wide variety of sports, not only official, but also traditional and cultural those have been practiced since the Colombian ancestors implemented those in the society. Colombia is considered the third sports power in Latin America behind Brazil and Cuba, as well as the fifth Pan-A merican level behind United States, Canada, Cuba and Brazil. Here, you will find all information about the development of sport, most prominentRead MoreNike s Impact On Sports788 Words   |  4 Pageshuge fan of their classic sneaker product and I am also a basketball and football fanatic. Reebok as a company is in a unified position as both a business and a business within the sports field. Building and successfully launching products related to sports is very difficult. The reason I say reebok is in a unified position is because reebok is a company which focuses on fashion and sports. Unlike many other business entities the face evolution on a much faster pace and higher level. Literally something

Analysis of Personal Trait

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of Personal Trait. Answer: Introduction: Seligman Csikszentmihalyi (2014) stated that the personality shapes the attitude and the behavior of an individual. This analysis summarizes the relationship between the healthy attitude, healthy behavior and personality traits. Thus, the aim and objective of this study is to relate all the personality traits to the five Big Meta traits in order to identify the process by which the personality affects the healthy behavior of an individual. The five Meta traits of personality include Emotional Stability Neuroticism, Extraversion Introversion, Agreeableness Hostility, Conscientiousness Impulsivity and Open-mindedness Close-mindedness (Greenberg, 2013). A correlation analysis was conducted in order to identify the strengths and relationship direction between HAS (Health Attitude Scale), IPIP-CON (Conscientiousness score from the Mini-IPIP scales) and HB (Health Behavior). From the analysis, inter-correlations along with mean and standard deviations of each of these measures can be studied. The mean of IPIP-CON is 13.534 and the standard deviation is 2.833, whereas, the mean of HB is 48.659 and standard deviation are 8.330. It has been found that the mean of HAS is highest i.e. 57.130 and has a standard deviation of 6.768. Here two-tailed test has been performed, thus, the shared variance between IPIP-CON and HB has been reduced from 8.4%, p .001 to 3% and the regression [r (653)] is equivalent to .175, p .001. On the other hand, shared variance between CON and DV (dependent variable) reduced from 7%, p = .014 to 4% and the regression of 856 became equivalent to .201, p = .046, especially when HAS was fragmented out. References Greenberg, J. (Ed.). (2013).Organizational behavior: The state of the science. Routledge. Seligman, M. E., Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2014).Positive psychology: An introduction(pp. 279-298). Springer Netherlands.

Suyuan’s Tragedies in the Joy Luck Club Essay Example

Suyuan’s Tragedies in the Joy Luck Club: Paper In Amy Tan’s novel, The Joy Luck Club, each female character experiences different degrees of tragedy, but Suyuan Woo’s life appears to the most tragic. Despite suffering many misfortunes in her life, Suyuan is a willful woman who does not focus on the hardships in life but instead attempts to create happiness. With this personality, she creates the Joy Luck Club in China to find happiness while the Japanese invaded China. Later, Suyuan leaves China and comes to America in hopes of starting fresh. Suyuan suffers because of her losses, her miscommunication, and the fear she lived in. During the Japanese invasion, Suyuan loses almost everything she holds dear. While trying to escape to Chungking, Suyuan abandons her twin daughters and leaves her possessions and address with them, in hopes â€Å"that her daughters would be found by a kindhearted person who would care for them† (Tan 325). Suyuan did not know what the future would hold, but she had to believe that her daughters would survive. Though Suyuan did not want to leave, she sacrificed herself in hopes that someone would give them a better life because if she had died with them, no one would take such unfortunate babies. We will write a custom essay sample on Suyuan’s Tragedies in the Joy Luck Club: specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Suyuan’s Tragedies in the Joy Luck Club: specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Suyuan’s Tragedies in the Joy Luck Club: specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In addition, when Suyuan reached Chungking and learned that her husband had died, â€Å"she was delirious with madness† (Tan 326). Even though Suyuan had come all the way to Chungking, she gained nothing. Suyuan knew that her husband might die fighting in the war, but after losing her daughters, when she heard her husband’s fate, she was shocked to lose him, too. Nothing important remained in Suyuan’s life after her journey from Kweilin to Chungking. In America, Suyuan’s relationship with her other daughter, Jing-mei, deteriorates due to miscommunication between them. For example, when Suyuan tries to help Jing-mei find her inner prodigy, Jing-mei defies and resents her, thinking that her mother is trying to make her â€Å"be someone [she’s] not† (Tan 153). Jing-mei does not fully appreciate her mother when Suyuan tries to help her, believing that she can only be her self and cannot be forced to accomplish more. The American social pressure causes Jing-mei to try to be like everyone else, so she misunderstands her mother’s motive in making Jing-mei work hard to nurture her talents. In addition, at the New Year’s dinner, Jing-mei thinks that the reason that her mother had given her the ade pendant was because of Waverly’s insults, but Suyuan meant to give Jing-mei the pendant in hopes that her daughter will recognize life’s importance. Jing-mei fails to realize that her mother knows that she has the best quality at heart, and even after Jing-mei’s failures, Suyuan never expects anything from her. Whe n Suyuan was alive, Jing-mei did not wear the pendant, thinking that it was unstylish, but after Suyuan dies, Jing-mei understands that her mother was trying to convey her deep love and concern for her. Miscommunication caused a gap between mother daughter relationships. Suyuan’s life is also tragic due to the constant fear she lived in. For example, Suyuan always feared that she might not be able to find her babies or something might happen to them, and when Canning unintentionally asserted her fears, â€Å"he put a terrible thought in her head that her daughters were dead, which grew bigger and bigger until it killed her† (Tan 329). Suyuan was forever hoping that one of her attempts to find her daughter would come true. Suyuan searches for her twin daughters her whole life but she is not reunited and so Suyuan’s long cherished wish remains unfulfilled. In addition, Suyuan wants the best for Jing-mei when she â€Å"tries to cultivate some hidden genius† (27) in Jing-mei, but she worries that her daughter might not understand this. After failing to excel at each task her mother sets, Jing-mei begins to see them as expectations and feels like a failure, but Suyuan never expects anything from Jing-mei except for her to try her best. When Suyuan tries to find Jing-mei’s inner prodigy, not only was she hoping the best for daughter, but she was also living through Jing-mei’s success by having what she could not as young girl in China. As a mother, Suyuan always worries about her daughters’ well being. Since Suyuan never displayed her true emotions on her face because she was taught in the Chinese way, she never let anyone know how much she was truly suffering in the inside. Inside, Suyuan suffers because almost nothing remains of her life in China, her declining relationship with Jing-mei, which is caused by the lack of communication between them, and the continuous trepidation in her life in America. Despite all her suffering, Suyuan never loses hope or the motivation to keep trying and never give up. This is shown in Suyuan’s life when she never gives up trying to find her daughters and when she tries to mend her relationship with Jing-mei. However, even her strong will could not avert fate, as she dies with her unfulfilled, long cherished wish. Bibliography Tan, Amy. The Joy Luck CLub. Vintage Books USA, 1991.

Forces pf Habit, 2 Essays

Forces pf Habit, 2 Essays Forces pf Habit, 2 Essay Forces pf Habit, 2 Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: : Forces of Habit 2 As people continued using drugs, their purposes for doing so changed. Drugs were no longer something that the physicians controlled, but people began self-administering them and this changed the social approach to drugs. The rich and the powerful in the society were ready to capitalize on this change. They defeated efforts by the government to restrict the sale of some drugs such as tobacco and alcohol despite the negative consequences associated with them. The government benefited from the drug taxes, and to some extent became dependent on them as a main form of revenue. The author observes, â€Å"The clash between opportunities for profit and concerns about health forms the central moral and political conflict running through the history of psychoactive commerce (Courtwright 91) The psychoactive revolution has contributed towards ensuring a global access of the drugs (188). Different governments have often taken advantage of the mind-altering effects of the drugs to control the people. Governments have encouraged the use of the drugs as a way of helping people deal with the harsh life situations. The modern world today is full of confident people who believe that they can accomplish anything they want. It is at the same time a world full of isolated people. People have realized that they no longer need their communities to be an integral part of their lives since they can make it on their own. The drugs have become an important part of people’s lives today because they help them deal with all the mental anguish, depression, and other psychological problems that they may be experiencing. People no longer need other people’s company to relieve their problems, since they can depend on the drugs. As technology advanced, people found new ways of using the psychoactive resources. This resulted to changes in the way that people consumed the resources. For instance, Europeans had always used wine, but the development of the distillation process led to the development of spirits that were highly addictive and had other negative health consequences. The Ethiopians chewed their coffee beans for stimulation but the development of European technology led to the development of modern day coffee, which is also addictive. The changing nature in the use of the drugs has contributed to the definition of modernity. People in the contemporary world are not afraid of trying new things, and they readily change the nature of a commodity to suit their present need. Many people would not have enjoyed the process of chewing coffee beans, but its flexibility and adaptability has led to different flavors and varieties, which many people find suitable. People in the modern world are constantly seeking gratification from the substances they consumer. The changing nature of the drugs from medicinal to recreational forms has continued to define modernity. No longer is alcohol used to treat wounds or ease labor pains, and tobacco is no longer used to fight fatigue. People have found that they benefit from the consumption of the drugs when they take them as a form of recreation. They smoke cigarettes to calm them down and to make them feel good. They take amphetamines and other drugs such as heroin and cocaine for the purposes of feeling that instant gratification. This has limited the medicinal usage of the drugs. It has led to the development and spread of the drug underworld trade. The rich continue getting richer, as they sell the drugs to the users, some of whom are now addicts. Work Cited Courtwright, T. David. Forces of Habit: Drugs and the Making of the Modern World. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2009. Print

Commonly Asked Questions About Continents

Commonly Asked Questions About Continents Many people wonder which continent houses certain countries or locales. The seven continents  are  Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America. Those places that  are not part of a continent can be included as part of a region of the world.  Here are some of the most frequent questions.   Some Commonly  Asked Continent Questions Is Greenland Part of Europe? Greenland is part of North America even though it is a territory of Denmark (which is in Europe). Which Continent Does the  North Pole Belong to? None. The North Pole is in the middle of the Arctic Ocean. Which Continents Does the Prime  Meridian Cross? The prime meridian runs through Europe, Africa, and Antarctica. Does the International Date Line Hit Any Continents? The international date line runs only through Antarctica. How Many Continents Does The Equator Pass Through? The equator passes through South America, Africa,  and Asia. Where is the Deepest Point on Land? The deepest point on land is the Dead Sea, located on the border of Israel and Jordan in Asia. On Which Continent is Egypt? Egypt is mostly part of Africa, although the Sinai Peninsula in northeastern Egypt is part of Asia. Are Islands Such as New Zealand, Hawaii, and the Islands of the Caribbean Part of Continents? New Zealand is an oceanic island far from a continent, and thus, it is not on a continent but is often considered to be part of the Australia and Oceania region. Hawaii is not on a continent, as it is an island chain far from a land mass. The Caribbean islands likewise- they are considered part of the geographic region known as North America or Latin America. Is Central America a Part of North or South America? The border between Panama and Colombia is the border between North America and South America, so Panama and countries to the north are in North America, and Colombia and countries south are in South America. Is Turkey Considered in Europe or Asia? Although most of Turkey lies geographically in Asia (the Anatolian Peninsula is Asian), far western Turkey lies in Europe. Continent Facts Africa Africa covers about 20 percent of the total land mass on planet Earth. Antarctica The ice sheet covering Antarctica amounts to about 90 percent of the Earths total ice. Asia The huge continent of Asia has both the highest points on Earth and the lowest. Australia Australia is home to more species than any developed country, and most of them are endemic, meaning that they arent found anywhere else. Thus, it also has the worst species extinction rate. Europe Britain separated from continental Europe only about 10,000 years ago.   North America North America extends from the Arctic Circle at the north all the way to the equator at the south. South America South Americas Amazon River, the second longest river in the world, is the greatest in volume of water moved. The Amazon Rainforest, sometimes called the lungs of the Earth, produces about 20 percent of the worlds oxygen.

Moderating and Minimizing Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Moderating and Minimizing Conflict - Essay Example Conflict can be interpreted in two dimensions: the theorist’s perspective of the conflict and the environment where the conflict takes place (Strasser & Randolph, 2004, p.4). The environment may include conflict between individuals or families or nations. The conflict can also be inter-psychic in which the conscious mind and the unconscious mind conflict with each other. How the mediators interpret conflict and its resolution paves the way to their selection of an appropriate approach towards reconciliation. Mediator’s perspectives and how they look at the situation shapes the mediation approach and the resolution process. My conflict style is collaborative. I believe that communication is the best way to resolve a conflict (Cupach et al., 2010) at all levels: personal, cultural, political, organizational or international. I do not like asserting my viewpoints and perspectives on others; instead, I like to listen to other people’s beliefs and disbeliefs. This way , I give the other persosn the opportunity to make their points clear. I invite them to share their views with me. I do not want them to feel ignored or un-listened. This empowers them and at the end, this makes them respect the solution I come up with because they know that I have listened to them and have made them participate in the decision-making process. I will quote two examples from my personal life here. Once, my younger brother, Joe, started to hang out with his friends late night. He had made up a routine of coming home late night and this would upset my parents and I because we did not want him to do stuff none of his elders ever did. My parents are both authoritarians in their parenting style and they do not want to argue with kids. This even awoke more aggression in Joe because he knew that Mom and Dad were not going to understand him. One day, I called him and sat down with him. I started to communicate with him- something Mom and Dad had never did. I asked him what m ade him come home late and why he wanted to disobey and upset his parents. After listening to him, I told him the bad consequences that might happen if he constantly stayed absent from home till late night. And I got my results. He understood me. We figured a middle way out in which I gave him enough space about hanging out but made sure that he returns before 9 pm. At another day, I came across two of friends, Mike and Bob, fighting and yelling at each other. Mike said that Bob had stolen his notebook that he had prepared after one year’s efforts; while Bob said that he knew nothing about the notebook. The argument went so serious that both of them were ready to punch each other at faces. After much struggle, I cooled them down and made them sit at the desk and talk about the issue. First, I made Mike present his perspective and then I told Bob to clarify himself. I made them ‘talk’ to each other and listen to each other’s views. After about half an hour of real sound arguments, both of them resolved the issue. Mike was remembering that he had handed the notebook over to the professor one day and he had not returned that yet. Thus, the conclusion was that communication made him remember things that he was forgetting. On concluding note, I am very much pleased with my conflict style. I love collaborating and communicating

Mathematic Lesson Plans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mathematic Lesson Plans - Essay Example That means table A has the ratio of 2:3. Table B as cordial mix in three cups; the other two being with water. So the ratio on table B is 3:2. This helps the students in understanding the ratio concept Step-9: Once the students are able to spot the difference, they need to be told what it means when we go on increasing one part of the ratio, or increasing the value of numerator or denominator and how this makes the difference in the overall value of the ratio. Closure: In the closing part of the class, students should be encouraged to think about such cordial relations with the help of (say) 8 plastic cups. So that they get an idea about the manner in which values of the fractions can be varied. Introduction: To start with, student should be asked as to whether they have ever purchased something from the market. Depending upon the couple of responses, the teacher can ask did they ever make use of fractions and resources during such purchases. Subsequently, students need to be informed about the importance of mastering the ratio and fraction calculations in order to be able to do some worthwhile shopping for their friends and family. i. Two students can be asked to volunteer with their mark sheets to come out in front. (Note-It might be possible that students are bit reluctant to divulge the details of their marks. In such cases the teacher would tell provide them with some mark sheet awarding some marks out of the total of 50 or 100. Both the students must have different marks for better understanding the lesson). vi. Now some cases of discounts being offered by the shops or retail stores are brought before the class. The retail stores invariably come out with price discounts. The class is therefore told to figure out the best available deal for them. Closure: After the class, students can be asked to share their shopping experiences and what they felt had they known the concept of

Graphic design Essay Example for Free

Graphic design Essay I have been surrounded with art my whole life. My aunt is a photography major and my father started out in graphic design but now does more of the business side than creative. I grew up in a home that had a love for art. When I was little I used to sit for hours and hours and watch my dad work on his projects. I just loved watching how he created the beautiful picture and wanted to learn how I could do it too. I took art classes in elementary and junior high school and loved being able to create pictures with pencil, oil pastels, paint, or create a vase with broken pieces of glass. Once I got to high school I took digital photography, drawing, web design, and interior design and loved it all. I knew graphic design was what I wanted to do when I looked at all the classes required for the major and couldn’t wait to take all of them and learn all that I could. The beauty of art has always attracted me and I have always loved being able to create it myself. Sometimes I kind of struggle with the whole inspiration or â€Å"what do I draw† thoughts, but with graphic design there is more of a need where a client needs a logo, or a web page, or play bill to be designed. There is already the need and I am here to fulfill that need with my creative ideas and it has more of a purpose than to just make somebody feel something. It is to catch the viewers’ eye and intrigue them to come to your event or buy your product. I love being able to help people. Knowing that I can both create art and help someone with graphic design is just the perfect fit for me.

The Swede :: Swede Essays

The Swede The Swede is a major source of conflict in "The Blue Hotel". The external conflicts that he faces are caused by implied internal conflicts. The Easterner sums up the cause of the Swede's internal conflicts when he says, "...this man has been reading dime novels, and he thinks he's right out in the middle of it-the shootin' and stabbin' and all."(103) The Swede is frightened of everyone because in his mind, he is in constant danger. He is described as "shaky and quick-eyed"(97) in the beginning. Instead of talking to the old farmer, he stares at everyone and makes "furtive estimates of each man in the room."(98) This internal conflict between the real world and the one in the novels cause the first external conflict between Johnny and the Swede. The Swede is very frightened and believes that everyone is going to kill him. "He shivered and turned white near the corners of his mouth."(100) The Swede was so frightened that he went upstair s to pack his bags and leave. Scully indirectly caused the changes to the Swede. Scully was trying to calm the Swede down by offering him a drink of whiskey. Once the Swede had the alcohol in him, he became a totally different person. Instead of leaving, he went back downstairs for supper. Johnny describes the change to his father when he says, "...he was scared, but now he's too fresh." The alcohol caused the Swede to become loud, arrogant and cocky. This time when an argument breaks out at the card table, he is more than ready to fight. After beating Johnny in a fist fight, the Swede leaves the hotel and goes into town. The new found bravado caused by the alcohol and the fight is what causes the Swede to lose his life to the Gambler. Even though this story was written about the Old West, the theme that alcohol can change people is still very true today.

Deutsche Brewery Question and Answer

1. What accounts for Deutsche Brauerei’s (DB) rapid growth in recent years? What strategic choices were made? The Ukraine account grow rapidly in the recent years. The strategic is just expanding, more focus on the sale/volume, not on how to turn the order to money. It can be understood that the local distributors need some policy support from DB, because they just start, still at the beginning of capitalization period. The current credit policy is applicable for the starting phase, but long term it needs to be adapted (e. g annual bounce on the pay on time accounts).Meanwhile because of fast expansion, more investments on the Assets in Ukraine is needed. The financial plan includes a 7 million euro investment in new plant and equipment for the Ukrainian operations in 2001, followed by a 6. 8 million euro investment in 2002 for a new Ukranian warehouse and distribution center. Which is reasonable, but need more detail plan/business case before make the decision. I would say, h alf of the amount should be financed by Ukraine team itself, if they are able to turn the account receivable to cash. 2.What is the credit policy for DB for distributors in the Ukraine? Why is it different from other sales? Is it appropriate (examine the business models in both instances). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors from 2 percent 10, net 40 to 2 percent 10, net 80 (clients could take a 2% discount if payment was made within 10 days of the invoice, otherwise payment was due in full within 80 days). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors differed because Ukrainian entrepreneurs, who are ambitious to grow but without support from the bank as in Germany.The credit policy for the Ukranian distributors is applicable, which can support the distributor to expand, buy new equipment, and required more time than usual to pay. Also is a good investment for DB to build up the relationship with the distributor and meanwhile invest for the futurn. But on the other hand, long payment turn cost bad cash flow. In Ex1, the account receivable increase a lot, which 3. Why does this profitable firm need increasing amounts of debt? If the company wants to expand, they need cash.It seems that DB is profitable, but because of the big account receivable, which cause actually cash tie-up. In order to still keep expanding, DB have to increasing amount of debt for investing. 4. Something about dividends: The quarterly dividend proposed is 698,000 euro, an amount equal to 25% of the projected 2001 dividends (2,793 k). However, this dividend increase is based on projected earnings, and several factors affect whether those earnings. Better to reserve a part of money till end of the year. . What should Greta do with respect to: the proposed raise for Pinchuk, the quarterly dividend and the financial plan for 2001? Regarding the credit policy for Ukranian distributors, Oleg argues that this process is profitable for the company. Actually, Ex1 in the base case shows accou nts receivables in the Ukraine increased 30% from 1999 to 2000, and is projected to increase for the next 2 years (50% then 30% based on the previous year). Having a large amount of money tied up in receivables is risky.My idea will be short the payment to 40 days, pay in 10 days will have even bigger discount 3-4%, meanwhile, if the account can pay all the bill on time (40 days), can get annul bounce (tbd). For the investment, I will be more careful, Although the data should the growth of sale and assent is not hand in hand. But because of the high debt/equity ratio, I will be more careful on the investment, avoid to have too high debt. We can try to work together with one or two local disctributors (e. g. Kiev, Odessa) to have JV project.About the dividends, I will maybe go for 60% of earning, which mean 15% of the projected annual dividends for the quarterly pay. Just in case, if the actual data is not as good as predicted data, we still have enough cash to run the business. 6. S ome observation of Ex4. Profitability: low return Leverage: high risk (high debt) Asset utilization: receiveables growth rate high longer payment. Difference between sale growth and asset growth. Sale Growth is much higher than assent growth, need to consider investment. Liquidity: short term financial commitment. Quick ratio is too high.

Bigger Thomas A Tragic Hero Essay

Bigger Thomas as a Tragic Hero When analyzing Bigger Thomas, Richard Wright’s protagonist in the novel Native Son, one must take into consideration the development of his characterization. Being a poor twenty-year-old Black man in the south side of Chicago living with his family in a cramped one- bedroom apartment in the 1930’s, the odds of him prospering in life were not in his favor. Filled with oppression, violence, and tragedy, Bigger Thomas’ life was doomed from the moment he was born. Through the novel, Bigger divulges his own dreams to provide for his family and to be anything but a â€Å"nobody.† Although Bigger struggled to fight through obstacles to pursue his dreams for the future, his chase for a better life came to an abrupt halt after the tragic accidental murder of his employer’s white daughter. Bigger Thomas fits the definition of a tragic hero, considering he is the protagonist of Native Son that experiences tragedy throughout the novel. Along with tragedy, Bigge r also undergoes change as the novel progresses. By the end Bigger’s life story, he is able to change into a man that is no longer consumed through the fear in his heart. Due to his characteristics, Bigger Thomas can be compared to Willy Loman in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman. Both characters are tragic heroes that are related by their struggles through tragedy and changes they undergo throughout their lives. By comparing the two characters, one can solidify the importance of both characters because of their tragedies they experience. In the beginning of Native Son’s book one: Fear, one is able to realize that Bigger Thomas’s fate looms in the hands of his environment. He did not choose to live a life of poverty in the â€Å"Black Belt† of south side Chicago. This life was forced upon him. On page 20 of the novel, foreshadowing occurs as Bigger chats with his friend Gus about his future. He says, â€Å"Every time I get to thinking about me being black and they being white, me being here and they being there, I feel like something awful’s going to happen to me† (Wright 20). He displays a defeatist attitude that he further explains as he talks to Gus. He explains his reasoning as he questions, â€Å"Why they make us live in one corner of the city? Why don’t they let us fly planes and run ships?†(Wright 20). As a result of this conversation, the reader is able to  identify that Bigger goes through his life feeling defeated. He has minimal hope for his future as he li ves in fear that something awful will happen to him due to the color of his skin and where he lives. Although one may argue that Bigger is a negative person who uses the color of his skin to justify his evils, this is not the case considering Bigger constantly is oppressed by his environment and lacks options in his life. The white people that surround Bigger give him no hope to prosper thus creating a tragic existence from the start. It is not until Bigger gets a job offer from a rich white philanthropist, Mr. Dalton that his life may be able to turn around for the better. Unfortunately for Bigger, this opportunity does just the opposite. While accepting a job as a chauffer for the Dalton family, Bigger becomes optimistic about his current situation. Instead of constantly letting his mother and siblings down, he is now able to provide for them through this job by granting them $20 from his salary each week. Although the job acquired little skill, Bigger was satisfied that through this job, he could be less of a â€Å"nobody.† While reflecting on this new chapter in his life, Bigger expressed, â€Å"This would be an easy life. Everything was all right, except that girl† (Wright 59). The girl that worried Bigger was Mary Dalton, Mr. Dalton’s free spirited daughter that constantly challenged Bigger’s patience and authority. Their first encounter left Bigger skeptical of Mary Dalton’s motives. By their second encounter, Bigger was blatantly fearful that Mary would cause him to lose his job. During their second encounter, Bigger is ordered to chauffer Miss Dalton to the University for her nightly class. Unfortunately to Bigger’s surprise, Miss Dalton has another set of plans. She tells Bigger, â€Å"I think I can trust you† (Wright 64) in order to toy with his emotions and disobey his boss’ orders as Bigger, Mary, and Mary’s communist boyfriend Jan Erlone take the car out for a night in the loop. After a rousing evening on the town filled with booze and conversations about communism that left Bigger offended and ashamed to be black, it became Bigger’s duty to make sure that Mary was placed safely in her bed after being too intoxicated to stand on her own. Because Bigger strives to obey his boss, he feels inclined to personally place Mary in her own room in order to avoid trouble. This shows that Bigger Thomas took Mary to her bedroom with no intention of causing any problems in his new  workplace reminding the reader that Bigger is not an evil human being, just a product of his environment. After being in Mary’s bedroom, B igger decided to overstay his welcome due to his curious arousal with white women. To Bigger’s surprise, â€Å"a hysterical terror seized him† (Wright 85) as Mrs. Dalton makes an appearance in Mary’s bedroom to check on her daughter. Bigger automatically assumed that if he was caught in Mary Dalton’s bedroom at an odd hour of the night he would be immediately fired and accused of raping a white woman that could ruin his already tragic life forever. Due to her blindness, Bigger was not seen immediately, but he realized if Mary kept mumbling, Mrs. Dalton would make her way to the bed and eventually feel Bigger laying next to her. Out of pure fear, Bigger reacts irrationally as he suffocates Mary Dalton with a pillow in order to keep her quiet. Fear is what provoked the irrational response that killed Mary Dalton and turned Bigger Thomas’ life into a series of tragic events. In Malcolm Cowley’s scholarly article, Richard Wright: The Case of Big ger Thomas, he reminds the reader that despite his monstrous actions towards Mary Dalton, he is not the one to be blamed. Cowley makes the point that Bigger, â€Å"has been trained from the beginning to be a bad citizen. He had been taught American ideals of life†¦but had been denied the means of achieving them† (Cowley 113). Cowley’s observation justifies that Bigger reacted as a product of his environment that constantly taught him to be a bad citizen because he had no way to achieve the kind of life he would hope for. This provokes even more tragedy in Bigger’s life. Through the accidental murder of Mary Dalton, a tragic hero arose in the form of Bigger Thomas. This tragic hero was born out of pure fear for the white man, but as the novel progressed, the fear of oppression slowly left the tragic hero as he vows to no longer live in fear. After Bigger Thomas’ accidental murder of Mary Dalton, Bigger’s life turns into a wild goose chase where he is forced to hide out until being caught by Chicago authorities. While awaiting his trial, certain to face death, Bigger meets the man that will defend his case. The defendant Max, a white communist decides to take on Bigger Thomas’ case in order to show white people the oppressive lifestyles black people were forced to survive on every day. At first Bigger was skeptical about a white man volunteering to defend a black man accused of murder and rape. He questioned, â€Å"Why would Max  risk that white tide of hate to help him† (Wright 420). He is shocked that a white man would defend a black man out of the goodness of his heart. Max asks Bigger questions that remind Bigger that he is a human being among everyone else despite his race. At this point it does not matter to Bigger if Max saves his life, because Max has made him mature mentally and unde rgo change. After recounting a conversation where Max asked Bigger questions about what he wanted to do with his future, he expresses to Max, â€Å" (you) asked me questions nobody ever asked me before. You knew that I was a murderer two times over, but you treated me like a human† (Wright 424). After Max assures Bigger that he is a human, Bigger transforms his way of looking at life. Instead of feeling constantly oppressed, Bigger believes that he is a human that deserves a future much like everyone else despite the color of his skin. Instead of accepting his death sentence, Bigger realizes that he has the urge to live his life as a human that possesses the ability to have a future. As Max reassures him, â€Å"you’re human, Bigger† (Wright 424) Bigger comes to a change in his heart. He realizes that the fear he has sustained from the white people that constantly suppress him comes from his own thoughts. He now believes in himself as an individual that no longer lives in fear. Because of this, Bigger is able to accept his death sentence and change his outlook on life. Unfortunately, this change came too late in his existence to matter. Although Bigger loses the battle with life, he ultimately wins the battle with the color of his skin after accepting that he is just as human as Max, his defendant. In James Baldwin’s article, â€Å"Many Thousand Gone- Twentieth Century Interpretations of Native Son,† Baldwin explains his interpretation of Bigger Thomas’ battle within Native son. He explains, â€Å"In this case the force of circumstance is not poverty merely, but color a circumstance which cannot be overcome, against which the protagonist battles for his life and loses† (Baldwin 53). This statement is not accurate considering a battle is not lost. Even though Bigger Thomas is sentenced to death, he is able to end his life with peace of mind knowing that he can die as a human without fear. The change Bigger Thomas has undergone shows that Bigger has overcome his oppression thus winning his battle. After reading Native Son, the protagonist Bigger Thomas resembled another tragic hero from the play, Death of a Salesman. By comparing Willy Loman, the protagonist of Death of a Salesman to Bigger  Thomas, one can tell how similar their characters are altho ugh they have been created in different time periods and environments. Both Bigger and Willy are lost souls trying to give meaning to their ultimately meaningless lives. As a result of their self made pressure to have a purpose in life, they both are not well liked by their friends. After divulging a plan to rob a store owned by a white person, Bigger gives his friends Gus, G.H., and Jack strict instructions to meet together at a specific time. When Gus shows up to their meeting spot late, Bigger is outraged. He cusses at his friends and resorts to physical harm due to his anger. While his friends watch Bigger self-destruct into a man of rage, G.H. lets bigger know that, â€Å"You done spoiled things now† (Wright 40). Not only had Bigger spoiled the plan to rob the store, but Bigger had also spoiled his friendships as all three men leave him to wallow in his rage alone. A similar situation occurs in Death of a Salesman as Willy Loman receives a friendly visit with his friend Charley. Since both men were unable to sleep, they decided that a quick game of cards would be a sufficient outlet for their energy. While playing cards, Willy develops a hostile attitude towards Charley and constantly insults him on his choice of eating habits and card playing abilities. After Charley accuses Willy of cheating during their game, Willy evolves into a rage-infested tyrant and orders his friend to leave. Charley retorts, â€Å"You ought to be ashamed of yourself† (Miller 1252) and storms out the door. This instance compares to Bigger Thomas’ uproar with his friends considering both outbursts led to their friends leaving them to wallow in their own anger. In addition to not being well liked, both Willy Loman and Bigger Thomas live in constant fear throughout their stories. As a mediocre salesman, Willy Loman spends his days fearing that he is not successful enough to provide for his family. Because of this looming fear to be successful, Willy often lies to his family about his job in sales to make himself seem far superior to who he really is. For example, while Willy explains to his wife, Linda about the money he has made on one of his sales trips, he exaggerates the amount of money he made. This lie would have been unnoticed if Linda did not ask Willy to pay for the reparations of their leaky roof. When Linda asks him to pay, Willy exclaims, â€Å"A hundred and twenty dollars! My god, if business don’t pick up I don’t know what I’m gonna do† (Miller 1247). The shame Willy feels because he is unable to pay for the roof reparations  directly correlates to the constant fear Willy has to become successful f or his family. Bigger Thomas is also a character that constantly lives in fear. This fear is shown when Bigger is explaining to his lawyer Max about how whites have all the power and Bigger fears that because of this, his life will not amount to anything. He tells Max, â€Å"Well they own everything. They choke you off the face of the earth, they like god†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wright 353). Since Bigger believes that white people control everything he fears that nothing can be done to make his life meaningful. Both Bigger Thomas and Willy Loman possess similar qualities that show are comparable through their lack of ability to make friends throughout their fear ridden lives. Through Bigger Thomas’ life of oppression, violence, and tragedy, one is able to tell that he struggles with the hopes of becoming anything but a â€Å"nobody.† Being the protagonist of a tragic novel, Bigger possesses the qualities of a tragic hero. Even though his life is cut short due to the tragic acc idental murder of Mary Dalton, his boss’ wild daughter, Bigger is able to go through a change that brings him peace of mind as he awaits his sentence to die. Being a product of his environment, Bigger constantly lived in fear of the white man. With the help of his lawyer Max, Bigger was able to undergo change and realize that he too was a human that had no need to live in fear. Drawing from specific scenes from the text, Bigger Thomas can be compared to Willy Loman, the protagonist in the play, Death of a Salesman. Their characters were both inflicted with fear throughout their lives that eventually ended in tragedy for both characters. Works Cited Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman. Baym, Nina, gen. ed. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. 8th ed. Vol. A. †¨New York: Norton, 2013. Print. James Baldwin- Many Thousand Gone- Twentieth Century Interpretations of Native Son – Ed. Houston A Baker- Englewood NJ Prentice Hall. 1972-48-63 Malcolm Cowley- Richard Wright The Case of Bigger Thomas- Twentieth Century Interpretations of Native Son- Ed Houston A Baker – Englewood Hills NJ Prentice Hall. 1972-112-115 Wright, Richard. Native Son. New York, London: Harper & Brothers, 1940.

20 Definition Essay Topics on Material Culture

20 Definition Essay Topics on Material Culture Writing a definition essay is challenging only if you think it is. The truth is that with the information we have provided in 10 facts on material culture for a definition essay, you have plenty of topics to write on. However, if you are in a hurry to write the essay and want to pick out a topic right away, we understand perfectly and this is exactly why we are presenting you with 20 topics which you can use to kick-start your essay. Here are 20 topics on Material Culture which you can choose from: The Beginning of Material Culture and Its Progression History of Collecting Habits Culture and Ethnographic Work Role of Material Culture in Portrayal of Systematic Evolution of Society What is The â€Å"Golden Age† of Museums Early Establishment and School of Thought of Material Culture Connection Between Anthropology and Material Culture The First Material Culture Studies Creating Hierarchy and Scrutinizing Cultural Signature of Non-Western Cultures What Happened During the Museum Age? Franz Boas and His Role in Reordering Material Culture What is the Life-Group Arrangement? Pitt Rivers’ Museums and His Contributions to Material Culture How Can All Mankind Be Tracked Back to a Single Origin? Material Culture During 60’s and 70’s Development of Material Culture Through the Years Interdisciplinary and Cross-Disciplinary Focus of Material Culture A Detailed Look at Interdisciplinary Studies How Do Objects Portray Culture and Society? Studying Material Culture in Detail Role of Georg Simmel in Material Culture The topics given in this list will be enough when you want to write a stellar essay. For best grades, combine two or more topics and make sure you are really paying attention to the essay when writing. If you are not sure about the right pattern and style of writing, you can consult our guide on how to write a definition essay on material culture to compose a picture perfect essay. For further assistance on your definition paper, here is a sample essay which you can consult when you begin writing your own version. Sample Definition Essay: The Beginning of Material Culture and Its Progression Material culture is a study which grew along with anthropology. It explains the relationship between people and objects. Scientists who study this field focus on the making, history and conservation of these objects. Material cultural studies take their theories from social sciences, anthropology, folklore, historic preservation and other fields. Objects like books, jewelry and even toothbrushes are added into the study of material culture. Because it’s beginning was with anthropology, it began with the study of objects used by non-westerners. Studying these objects helped people marginalize and characterize the cultures which they came out of. However, though the origins of material culture can be dated back to 1990’s, it was not until 1996 that it was fully recognized, when The Journal of Material had started publishing. As time passed, the purpose of material culture became to show the society how things evolve. During the â€Å"golden age† of museums, objects were portrayed in such a fashion that you started from simpler objects from non-westerns and ended at advanced objects which belonged to the Europeans. Though this was also a way to show that the Europeans were at the end of evolution, scholars theorized that culture doesn’t evolve through predictable cycles and so the views changed to have a more objective view of non-western culture. However, though the study of material culture has evolved leaps and bounds today, it is thought that collecting habits and ethnographic work was the actual origin of things. Over the years, people like Leslie White, James Deetz, Ian M. G. Quimby and Gred Koch contributed to the field of material culture. Today’s material culture deals with archaeology, art conservation, anthropology and heritage. This is why you will find plenty of material culture studies which deal with the understanding of daily lives of the people in olden cultures and what we can learn from them. The artifacts which are collected during the exploration are used to make inferences about the culture and history. Though no written record was present for objects found from very early cultures, oral traditions and written work can be found for recent societies. Because material culture is also closely related to anthropology, anthropologist who study material culture also look into the interactions that people of that culture had with each other and with those outside. The responsibility of the anthropologist is to look closely at the object, the why and how it was made and then understand the culture where it was presented. During the mid-nineteenth century, Lewis Henry Morgan took interest in studying material culture and is well known for studying the effects of technology on society and its evolution. Later on, scientists such as Franz Boas took the field in further deep and explained why it was important to not only look at the object but know about its context as well. In the twentieth century, Claude Levi-Strauss included material culture in his anthropological work and claimed that these findings can also be used to understand the mindset of people during those times. Finally, Marvin Harris presented the theory of cultural materialism which claimed that every aspect of a certain society has material motives or causes. References: Woodward, Ian (2007).  Understanding Material Culture. New York, New York: SAGE Publications Ltd. Woodward, Sophie.  Material Culture. Oxford. Retrieved  4 December  2013. American Materialism Koch, Gerd (1961).  Die Materielle Kulture der Ellice-Inseln. Berlin: Museum fur Volkerkunde (Ethnological Museum of Berlin); The English translation by Guy Slatter, was published as  The Material Culture of Tuvalu, University of the South Pacific in Suva (1981). Koch, Gerd (1986).  Materielle Kultur der Gilbert-Inseln. Berlin: Museum fur Volkerkunde (Ethnological Museum of Berlin), The English translation by Guy Slatter, was published as  The Material Culture of Kiribati, University of the South Pacific in Suva (1986). Morgan, Lewis Henry (1877).  Ancient Society. Boas, Franz (1896).  The Limitations of the Comparative Method of Anthropology. Levi-Strauss, Claude (1961).  Structural Anthropology. Berger, Arthur Asa (2009).  What Objects Mean: An Introduction of Material Culture. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press Inc. p.  93. Harris, Marvin (1979).  Cultural Materialism.

An Easy Way to Write a 500-Word Essay

An Easy Way to Write a 500-Word Essay An Easy Way to Write a 500-Word Essay During student years, we have to face multiple tasks, which differ in complexity, style and guidelines. However, a 500-word essay is probably one of the most common tasks you will ever face, so you need to be ready to complete it not depending on the subject. Some students call it the simplest assignment, while others consider a punishment. However, we are ready to calm everyone: following a few simple rules, you will easily master this task and will be able to complete such an essay without any problems. The only secret is that you need to write on a topic you understand and provide your personal opinion on the subject. However, even if you know the topic, you might have no time or lack inspiration. You may also miss a few classes and find it difficult to keep up with all the tasks. In such a case, you can turn to a professional writing service or try to complete a 500-word essay on your own, following our guidelines. Mastering all the tips and having a few examples will definitely save lots of your time and will guarantee high grades. Everything you need to know to complete a 500-word essay Here are the main tips and advice, which you need to consider to complete the assignment in the best possible way: Write an outline. It will be much easier to complete an essay if you have an overall idea of what to write about. Add various points or hints to remember what you were going to discuss. It doesn’t mean that you need to stick to your outline without making any changes along the way; Start with telling the reader about the main idea of your essay, its background, discussed questions and possible results. Make this section as interesting as possible to encourage the audience to go on reading. Remember that using complicated sentences and boring language may make the reader want to put aside your essay; Body paragraphs. This section will require your maximum attention, as you need to provide all the information on the topic. Don’t forget to provide reliable information, backed with facts, data and various visual elements to make the whole essay interesting and easy to read; Closing thoughts always have a great value, as they are a combination of all of your thoughts and ideas. Here you need to summarize everything you have concluded and provide your predictions for the future. In addition, you can always write down something challenging to make the reader want to think on the topic; Personal style. The best part of any essay is that we all have our unique writing style and the way we master words reflects our personality and outlook on life. That is why the best advice will be to adjust your style to the topic. If it is a descriptive essay, be brief and straight to the point. If you need to be creative, spice up your paper with humor and colors! Check the paper. After completing the essay, put it aside and take some time to rest. Later you can go through it again, fixing all the mistakes. Another useful advice is to look at the paper as if you are a reader. Make sure your essay is easy to read and interesting, not complicated with heavy sentences and structures; Avoid plagiarism. Your professor will easily find out that you have used side sources to complete an essay. It doesn’t mean that you need to have fresh ideas for everything. However, you can use quotes and mentioning without pretending you have written everything on your own. All these tips are universal and you can apply them not depending on the task: a 500-word essay, a research paper or any other assignment. Moreover, you can use your writing skills to make additional money during student years and complete academic assignments for others! What can be easier to change lives of other students, using our simple and effective tips?

Schools Discourage Creativity in Children and Teachers Essay

Schools Discourage Creativity in Children and Teachers - Essay Example A few unsavory truths about today's educational system would put our educationists in a tight spot. Educationists and researchers have long felt that this was an educational system deliberately designed to produce mediocre students, to restrict creativity and introspection, to deny leadership skills to students, and to ensure submissive and incomplete citizens. This was done in order to raise a generation that would be easily manageable. A generation of people who would be as trusting and unquestioning as children, a generation that would consist of grown-ups who are not ready to think out of the box, but let go of their originality and instead follow herd mentality in whatever they undertook. That education need not be linked to the number of years of formal schooling has proved true time and again. The twelve year schooling process might not necessarily be a complete learning process. History is witness to numerous successful people who rose and shone to great heights; either completely without a formal education or without having successfully completed their schooling process. Throughout most of American history, kids generally didn't go to high school, yet the unschooled rose to be admirals, like Farragut; inventors, like Edison; captains of industry, like Carnegie and Rockefeller; writers, like Melville and Twain and Conrad; and even scholars, like Margaret Mead George. Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Abraham Lincoln too are testimony to this fact. In recent times, Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft Corporation is a classic example of a child who did not want to conform to the norms of mediocrity and monotony taught in schools. Under the garb of competition, today's education system has been successful in bringing out the primal instincts of fear, jealousy, immaturity, and greed among children and grown-ups alike; instead of leading humanity towards noble ideas and ideologies of excellence within the self and tolerance and appreciation of another's brilliance. Comparison and contrasting have become a daily exercise for both children and grown-ups alike. Manufacturers and entrepreneurs are having a field day as the present generation is into consumerism like never before. Large corporations and policymakers are the sole deciding agents for today's consumer.  

Ideal Sampling Frame in Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Ideal Sampling Frame in Marketing - Assignment Example The scale is mostly used by marketers when previous information about a particular product is not available. If the marketer simply base his decision of manufacturing a product on the basis of the results that state that more consumer has selected the probably will buy and definitely will buy the product, then he may end up making a mistake because usually very low number of consumers who state that definitely will buy might not actually buy the product. Â  The ideal sampling frame is a term used to denote a sample frame in which the entire population is accessible and no one is missing, this does not take place in the real world. In the absence of such frame, an alternate way called representative sampling can be utilized to determining the same sample frame may be used with aid of characteristics of the sample that need to be tested. Â  Probability sampling is referred to the selection of samples that are selected on a random basis and not in accordance with the convenience of the researcher. Non-probability sampling arises when samples are selected in a random manner in accordance with convenience. Example: Conducting a survey of the school you study and selecting school students as sample. Â  

Acculturation of Hispanic Population in the United States Research Paper

Acculturation of Hispanic Population in the United States - Research Paper Example The people from every culture have brought diversity in American culture with the uniqueness of respective culture. The Hispanic culture and community has been diffused all over the country propounding new traditions, trends customs, and cultures and acquired the status of the largest minority group. America’s bilingual educational structure is the impact of the growing Hispanic population as the largest minority. According to Census Bureau of US (2003), â€Å"Young, Diverse, Urban: Hispanic Population Reaches All-time High of 38.8 Million† (Naidoo, 33) These Hispanic groups in the United States have faced certain obstacles from the culture of United States since the time of their arrival. While there has been interchanged of values between the US society and the Hispanics, yet their stay in the United States have brought them certain benefits, which they perhaps could not access back at home. The Hispanic groups are often referred as an â€Å"assimilation-oriented society† (Schaefer, 235) where the problem of language difference has been existent since the time of their arrival in the United States. For a long period of time, the Hispanics witnessed hindrances in schooling for children speaking Spanish. The recognition of the bilingual status and bicultural trend have been accepted and credited in the States only in the recent years. In the current years, Spanish has been recognized as an asset rather than a liability. Variations in accents and pronunciation of the same language have faced resistance from the â€Å"language purity movement† (Schaefer, 235). For the last two to three decades Hispanics were discouraged to speak Spanish. The Hispanic children were differentiated from the Anglos in schools. For the last two to three decades Hispanics were discouraged to speak Spanish. (Schaefer, 242) Children were punished if they were caught speaking in Spanis h within school premises. The ability of a person to adapt to the stressors is refereed as allostasis. This allostatic load factor is important to judge the proper health status. When an individual is exposed to adverse situations for a long time, it is normal for them to become vulnerable to such challenges involving physiological strain and such alterations lead to a deterioration in health conditions.

Australian indigenous world views and accounting

Australian indigenous world views and accounting This paper summarizes the article titled The issue of Australian indigenous world-views and accounting written by Susan Greer and Chris Patel (2000). Also critically review the article and compare it with other articles those discuss the same idea and focus on the same issue. As any research area and especially in social sciences, the difficulty and the complex of the topic should be taken as a point of departure for exploring and studying the topic as well as the importance of the topic. The paper was structured into eight sections as following: an introduction; limitations of Hofstedes cultural taxonomy; yin and yang values framework; core Australian indigenous cultural values; work-related values; land-related values; the meaning of native title and concluding comments. The purpose of the paper is to provide evidence of cultural differences between indigenous Australian values and the Western capitalist values implicit in the language of accounting and accountabilityp1 as the authors believe that although great efforts have been made on the cross-cultural accounting research, the mainstream cross-cultural accounting research has failed to address two main issues: First: the mainstream research of cross-cultural accounting focused on the impact of culture on the accounting systems but not the influence of accounting on societal values. Second: the cultural differences within countries have been omitted. The article tries to study this issue and fill the knowledge gap in this field, also presents the cultural norms and values among the indigenous and non-indigenous peoples within Australia p 308. Specifically, the study aims to demonstrate that Australian indigenous cultures embody core values that conflict with the values encapsulated within Western systems of accounting and accountability. p308 Article Summary The study illuminates the differences between indigenous Australian peoples cultural values and Western capitalist values appears in language of accounting that related to work and land. Choosing the conceptions of work and land were based on two reasons, first the previous studies which have shown the importance of the work related values and differences between cultures. Second, the recent introduction of native title into property law granted the Australian indigenous conception of land some legal recognition alongside other forms of property rights p309 the authors criticize Hofsteds cultural taxonomy as they believe in its limitations, they refer to a number of limitations as: this approach overly simplistic as it reflects the values of the politically and socially advantaged groups within countries, also it does not include the minorities in the sample such as indigenous peoples, moreover, it fails to address the complexity of culture p310 Because of these limitations mentioned above, the authors adopt another suitable approach which they believe it is the appropriate one for such a study. The alternative used approach is Yin and Yang values framework, the authors believe that A useful perspective for examining the cultural values and conceptions of reality reflected and socially reproduced by accounting, is that of the universal masculine or yang and the universal feminine or yin (Hines, 1992, p. 318).as some writers (Hines 1992) showed that the language of accounting preferences yang values, such as quantification, objectivity, efficiency, productivity, reason, and logic, and in doing so, silences or excludes those values associated with the universal feminine or yin, such as relationships, nurturing, experience, and intuition p310 The authors address the usefulness of the adoption of this value framework to their study in two primary reasons. The first reason is because of the evidence of unique Australian indigenous cultural values provided from a large collection of anthropological, sociological and pedagogical literature. Secondly, the increasing emphasis of the Australian indigenous people s on cultural values and traditions. Core Australian indigenous cultural values In this section, authors try to introduce the differences in cultural values within the indigenous Australian peoples or (the yin core values). According to the authors, The whole community is classified into specific relationships with each member (Crawford, 1989). For example, the Pitjantjatjara people of Central Australia gave Europeans kinship terms à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. The Yolngu of the Northern Territory are also known to assign positions within the domain of Yolngu kinship to non-Aboriginal people with whom they have more than superficial or brief contact à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Thus for many indigenous peoples, kin positions constitute the basic datum of social identity. p 313 Also authors state that sharing and relatedness values are central to these indigenous societies especially to Aboriginal society. In the next sections the authors focus on two groups of value taking them as examples, these groups of values, according to the authors, are aligned to yin values. Work-related values In this section the work-related values of indigenous peoples are presented as yin values, which are clearly reflected in the indigenous attitudes to work, consequently are in contrast with yang values. Some examples was given in support to this issue the strength and nature of obligatory relationships and the web of sharing within kinship networks are often acknowledged as a key determinant of the success or failure of indigenous enterprises. Yet, governments at the state and federal levels and indigenous funding bodies have consistently ignored this factor. Instead, indigenous organisations and communities have been increasingly submitted to financial accounting controls and measures of financial accountability and compliance which prioritise yang values that are in direct conflict with the core Australian indigenous values of sharing and relatedness. p 316 Land-related values Descriptions of how the land is considered by indigenous peoples in Australia can be found under this section where the authors provide evidences on how land values for these indigenous are different to accounting and accountability systems in the Western capitalist environment. The authors state that The earth is considered the source of all life and, as such, the indigenous peoples are obligated to look after the earth, so that the earth will in turn provide for them p 318 According to the authors the link between these peoples and land is much deeper than just an economic property, as it can be read that In Australian indigenous culture it is the spiritual link to the land that is all-pervasive. The land is the source of the Dreamings, the source of identity and the foundation principle of land rights in indigenous culture is not one of individual proprietary rights, rather it is relationships p 319 The meaning of native title Native title was identified in the article as inalienable right consisting of the laws, customs, practices and traditions of particular communities. As such, the rights under native title are limited to the indigenous community which observes those traditions, customs and practices. Native title does not equate with the estates, rights or interests in land which form the law of real property at common law . . . it is to be regarded as unique p 320 The indigenous consider it as an important part of their culture not as it appears in the Western accounting literature as: . The property; . The asset; . The economic resource; . The commodity; and . The natural capital. The loss of this title means loss of culture itself for these Australian indigenous peoples. Conclusion comments the article concludes with the mention of the failure of mainstream cross-cultural accounting research to include the norms and values of less advantage groups such as indigenous, also the article refers to the complexity of accounting and accountability to study such a subject as these social aspects are part of many other subjects as history, ideology, language and mythology. Moreover, the authors suggest to build on the work has been made by Hines (1992) and Broadbent (1995; 1998). Critical Reflections This section critically evaluates the work has been done by Greer S. and Patel C. (2000) by reviewing the used method and objectives achieved in the light of other works on the same topic. Strengths it is good attempt to bring such issues to the attention of accounting, some issues like the issue of accounting and indigenous, how they are effected by accounting and how accounting should benefits from their cultures for example in terms of environment and social responsibility. As Gallhofer et al (2000) think that it seems appropriate to speculate further upon how indigenous cultural principles might be reflected more generally in the context of impacting upon accounting p 397 The objectives of the article were clearly stated and strongly linked to the title. Also the abstract summaries and explains clearly the debate issue of the article and the limitations of the methods used before. The aims and objectives of the article were well addressed and The findings were well organized and reported objectively. More importantly, new approach was applied as alternative method to characterize the indigenous peoples cultural differences in terms of accounting and accountability. It can be said that the article was well written and sectioned in good order, also very clear literature review was introduced by descriptions of the related work has been done in the same field within discussions in different places in the article which, also number of good references were used in both method section and the development body. In my view, that would give a good opportunity to describe the contents of the article and make them more readable. Not to mention the number of examples was injected in different sections of the article to support the ideas included. Weaknesses Gallhofer and Chew state that (2000) We are particularly concerned to address the problem that non-indigenous researchers face when they write about issues concerning indigenous peoples and cultures p 258. As mentioned it could be a problematic issue that non-indigenous researchers can not reflect clearly the complexity of cultural and social elements and accounting in indigenous societies in general. At one point it could be said that the method used to gather the data for this article were clearly explained and the developments of the critical contextual analysis were well explained. On the other point, however, the reliability of the used texts is sometimes difficult to be measured. Also the scope of the study and the population used were not based on a clear approach. Hofsteds cultural taxonomy was criticized in the article because of its limitations; however, the method was employed as alternative approach (Yin and Yang value framework) has its own limitations too. At one point the used method is acceptable for determining the content and deliver broader understanding to the reader .however, it could be questionable if it is the appropriate method to explain and develop scientific accounting theory and result reliable outcomes as it is affected by other sciences such as language, history and politics. This makes the issue is more complicated and can not be studied without considering other elements, for instance, Jayasinghe and Dennis Thomas (2009) found that The findings imply that any form of rational transformations in indigenous accounting systems in local subaltern communities requires a phenomenological analysis of any prevailing and dominant patronage political systems. p 351 From personal point of view, hybrid Approach should be applied to study the topic including ethno-methodological approach. The article does not mention clearly how to improved the accounting theory and engage it with indigenous culture and practices, in personal view, the expected outcomes of studies not just general description to matters but also to give potential solutions. It also can be argued that the article does not show whereas the indigenous peoples welcome the western accounting and accountability systems or not, and if yes till which degree. In general, the article should have studied both sides of the relationship between the indigenous and the language of western accounting and how they affect each other rather than focusing on one side as the relationship is an interactive one. As it seems that the issue is more deep-rooted in the accounting field which requires studying the historical background of the matter. It is also arguable that although the authors arose the differences between cultures within the same country, they applied the comprehensiveness when they studied the indigenous and ignored the cultural differences between these indigenous peoples themselves, for instance Gallhofer et al (2000) believe that There are complex differences between the three groups of indigenous people and indeed between their different tribes. p 384 Questions Left to Answer The article raises issues and possibilities that should be focused on and questions need to be further explored; additional studies are needed to raise research possibilities beyond those identified and overcome method limitations. Conclusion In conclusion, the paper has promoted to the idea of providing evidence of differences between indigenous Australian values and the Western capitalist values in the accounting context. Some good cases have been presented with implementing a developed method in the field. Besides, several of good references have been used in order to develop the problem statement of the article, It could also be said that the yin and yang values framework which used in the paper has its limitation in terms of providing evidences of the problem studied. The conclusion was based on the findings from the critical contextual analysis used and the literature reviewed; also the recommendation was limited to a call for additional research in this area of research as some other researchers suggest (Gallhofer and Chew 2000). Overall, the study gives good contribution to knowledge in terms of the used method and the objectives, also the study would need to be linked to other works have been done on the same topic (Gallhofer, S., Chew, A. (2000), Gallhofer, S., el al (2000), Davie, S. (2000), Jayasinghe K. and Thomas D. (2009), to give better and broader understanding to the problem introduced in the mentioned article.

Executive Summary of the Hispanic Market Essay -- Hispanic Culture Mar

Executive Summary of the Hispanic Market â€Å"Latinos are changing the way the country looks, feels, and thinks, eats, dances, and votes. From teeming immigrant meccas to small-town America, they are filling churches, building businesses, and celebrating this Latin heritage.... In America, a country that constantly redefines itself, the rise of Latinos also raises questions about race, identity, and culture – and whether the United States will ever truly be one nation.† (Larmer, pg. 50) This passage aptly describes the dawning of a new ‘enlightenment’ era in the United States. Marketers are beginning to focus on an emerging market known as the Hispanic/Latino community. The sheer strength of the Hispanic market can no longer be avoided as marketers are realizing that traditional methods of reaching a generalized market segment do not apply to the complex Hispanic culture. In the last half of the 20th century, the size of the Hispanic market in America grew exponentially. Traditional attempts to capitalize on the Hispanic market failed in large part to stereotypes and cultural myths. A new focus was necessary to attract, reach and retain the market. In order tackle this potentially lucrative market, marketers need to understand the cultural attributes that define the Hispanic market. Their primary focus is to understand the statistical values that characterize the group. Census figures over the last thirty years clearly illustrate a pattern of growth, not only in population, but in wealth and education as well. Clearly, this is becoming a stronger, savvier and better-educated market. As marketers become better acquainted with the Hispanic market, they have found several attributes that are typical of the Hispanic culture and influence in America. They first need to understand that the term â€Å"Hispanic† is a broad generalization of several cultures and races, each with distinct characteristics and values. Once an understanding that many subcultures encompass the Hispanic community, marketers can disseminate the target market and address those characteristics shared amongst the Hispanic community. Level of acculturation, brand loyalty, language, religion and a strong sense of family are those shared traits that need further study in order to properly understand what Hispanics believe, care for and personify. Once a deeper comprehension of the Hispa... ...d Asians. New York, NY: American Marketing Association. 1987. Guernica, Antonio. Reaching the Hispanic Market Effectively; The Media, the Market, the Methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1982. Larmer, Brook. Latino America. Newsweek, July 12, pg. 50-58. 1999. Noriega, Chon and Ana M. Lopez, Eds. The Ethnic Eye: Latino Media Arts. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. 1996. â€Å"Riverside† Webster’s Tenth New Collegiate Dictionary. 1998 Rodriguez, America. Making Latino News; Race, Language, Class. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. 1999 Roslow, Peter, and Janel Therrien Decker. A Guide to Building Market Dominance: Case Histories in Hispanic Marketing. Roslow Research Group Inc., 1998. United States Census Bureau. â€Å"Census 2000†. Washington: Census.gov. 2002. http://www.census.gov. (30 Sep. 2002) United States Census Bureau. â€Å"Historical Income Tables-Households†. Census.gov. 2002. http://www.census.gov/hhes/income/histinc/h05.html. (30 Sep. 2002) Valdes, M. Isabel. â€Å"Marketing to American Latinos; A Guide to the In-Culture Approach†. Ithaca, NY: Paramount Market Publishing, Inc. 2000. Whitefield, Mimi. â€Å"Mining the Market† The Miami Herald 17 Oct. 2001, C1+

Characteristics of Successful Online Learners

Although these are the main characteristics found in this article, I think there are much more o the characteristics to online learners then meet the eye. (British Journal of Education Volvo 44 No 5 2013) In the article Exploring the link among entry characteristics, participation behaviors, and course outcomes of online learners by Reran Housework and Arcane Top, talks about how the entry' characteristics of early online learners were older, male, employed students, (THOMPSON 1 998) but as online learning progressed all ages, sexes and employment status used online learning as the way they furthered education. Dabbing 2007) Participation behaviors of online learners were described in the article as people who possessed more knowledge of online communication tools like blobs and interactive tools had increased knowledge of how online learning worked. The articled also stated that learners that had knowledge of CM tools tend to interact more than other online learners. (Goodwin et al 2008) Course Outcomes have a large effect on online learners. An online leaner tends to return to learning and tell about the experience if they are satisfied with the outcome of their achievements during their online experience.While I read this article thought about my own experience of wanting to learn online. I found I too possessed several of the characteristics described in the article. Although I found the article a bit one sided as to age, gender, and backgrounds, I did think that the article pointed out as online learning progresses the characteristics seem not to have the same in commons as it once did was a very good point to make showing that more and more people of all sexes, ages and backgrounds are turning to online learning just as they would face to face learning.Reading this article made me want to work harder on my degree. It made me want to study harder, to learn as much as I could so can show that online learning is not just for smart, male, employed people like it once was. That it is for all people who want to learn and achieve their goals. Anyone that wants to pursue an online education can do it; they just have to want it. The conclusions in the article were accurate for the time it was written, it was objective to all online learners and was well written and articulated. The Scriptures teach us that anyone can learn and be taught.Proverbs 22:6 â€Å"Train up a child in the way he should go; even when he is old he will not depart from it. † Characteristics of online learners are similar to everyone in some aspect of life. I have learned that everyone makes their own path, their own goals, and achievements. Reading this article on the topic of characteristics of online learners showed me how I can be a better online student, ask for more out of my time as an online learner, and want more as an online learner. Want to strive to learn more, give more, and ask more questions in my online learning and in my everyday life.I will make my online learning experience the best it can be. I will achieve my goal of earning a degree and I will make a better life for me and my family. Reading this article has given me more passion and more drive that I can earn this degree and I can have my cake and eat it too. Characteristics of online learners may be similar to most online learners, but have learned that even though entry characteristics, participation behaviors, and course outcomes may have an effect on online learning outcomes, as individuals we learn differently and want different things out of our online earning experiences.Online learning is unique experience and it takes planning, organization, and dedication to be an online learner, we can all do it and we can all achieve our goals if we put our minds to it. In our life as children we have really always been online learners, just not on the internet. We learned from the lines in the Bible, we learned from the line in our school books, and we have learned from ou r parents. If you apply all that you have learned in your life to your online learning you will be a Successful Online Learner.

Global Strategy for Lenovo

Global strategy for lenovo Content O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Abstract  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Introduction  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Learning skills and globalization  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step one: research learning.Step two: microcosmic learning  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step three: trail learning  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step four: deepen and development learning  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Step five: reform enterprise DNA  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   International employee and Lenovo next steps development  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Supply chain  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Global marketing and double operation mode  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Global strategy and differentiation strategy  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reform Lenovo business DNA for build new company culture and global development  Ã ‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Summary  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   O  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reference Table of Contents AbstractNow days, more and more companies are going global. In China Lenovo is a representative in that area. During I do the research about Global strategy I am very interested in the Lenovo group. It might be the earliest one gets the mind about globalization. At the beginning to run company they get them target is going global. In my paper I find some area for them strategy try to find a way to suit for this big company. I will take seven parts to written this paper. There are: Learning skills and globalization International employee and Lenovo next steps development Supply chain Global marketing and double operation mode Global strategy and differentiation strategyReform Lenovo business DNA New company culture and global development This will be a system for a company should be taking on the global way. I want to explain ways to suitable Chinese company are going to global. Lenovo is a case to learn. Introduction Lenovo take a goal is international is come up very early. Lenovo has been raised from the factory opened in Hong Kong to buy IBM PC department. From list to open research and development base overseas. Lenovo is step by step towards international, to a multinational company. But deep in the blood of Lenovo company culture is a good thing or will become hinder development in the further is a point.Lenovo existing resources and the international strategy Lenovo take are good enough for the international journey. Through Lenovo history to find strategies Lenovo was taken Investigate Lenovo history is not difficult to find that Lenovo dev elopment seems get some relationship with China’s political. China’s international will be the Lenovo international. Lenovo is a national feeling of enterprises. 80’s ideas for the national association provide excellent development opportunities. Lenovo catch hold of people’s national feeling and do the right marketing as them general engineer Ni guangnan. Today, China’s international are also give Lenovo provides a strong support. From Lenovo development history is to view.Lenovo no mater what management mode, operating mode or technology mode have been in development. Each one changes is against every major change in the marketplace. But this time for Lenovo globalization them mark the change is not good enough. From the first to make the control of the plane to crash was indeed beyond imagination. Lenovo is from the confidence to headhunt from Dell. From Hong Kong to set up plants to in India and Mexico to establish research and development cent ers. Go to global is more real in the history of the Lenovo. Learning skills and globalization There are five steps enterprise should be take during them go to globalization. They are five different level learn enterprise will be taken.First three steps are get seedtime. For Lenovo, Last two steps are more impotent. If a company is not learning before they are going to international. It’s hard to successful. It’s like a student will be study in a new country but he or she can not know anything about that new country he or she is hard to enjoy his or her study. Step one: research learning. Step two: microcosmic learning Step three: trail learning Step four: deepen and development learning Step five: reform enterprise DNA Research learning Research learning is survey of the target country's macroeconomic environment and learning it. Before Wal-Mart has been open any supermarket in China.There management must be get research for Chinese population, income and consumption levels, the per capita GDP of the economy and the Chinese government’s intervention in the situation of more then one investigation. This is one very important point to explain why War-Mart so successful. Similarly, Lenovo must be research the target country macro environment Such as politics, economy, population, technology and environment. Lenovo Group on July 26, 2007 in Beijing announced that it will invest 31 million US dollars in India and Mexico for a new manufacturing center, in order to meet these growing demands for computers. Before Lenovo group mark this decision they must be get research about India and Mexico.For example: In recent years the information technology industry in India stress on the bull market, is expected in 2008 India's software industry output value of 87 billion US dollars, exports reached 50 billion US dollars, India's software industry has become an important pillar for economic development. The information like that Lenovo group must be know n before them marks this decision. Of course Lenovo group must research the government’s intervention in the situation of these two countries. Microcosmic learning The second phase of the study is aimed at relatively minor issues. The study focused on consumers and the local some unspoken rules.It contains the legal inside. If the analogy to the internationalization of a war, then only can we win the battles mutual understanding. However, the key factor in winning is not the master of public information. Master of public information is necessary, but not completely conditions. And this public information is that the internationalization of the war is that the macroeconomic environment analysis. So completely conditions are the local consumer habits, language, unspoken rules, logical thinking and values of the legal system and potential constraints which hidden in the surface. Those in the international war can be viewed as the enemy within the military.Lenovo is the same in a cquisition of IBM's PC division, Lenovo if learn the American consumer habits, lifestyle, and the legal situation of the values Americans have to understand that it acquired in association with the issue of integration after winning exposed to greater problems. In fact, Lenovo's acquisition of IBM's PC department does have a big problem. The first is IBM and Lenovo two different cultural conflicts. This situation is inevitable, but before Lenovo buying IBM PC department if Lenovo's management was learning the Americans these potential habits and the rules has so understood will be relatively less. You can imagine, if Lenovo Group and the United States in the negotiations of the use of the broken English is cooked then you can imagine people sitting in the two countries will have to work with how great the differences and contradictions.If Lenovo executives level are not study the United States culture and the unspoken rules before they buy IBM PC department so that the major acquisi tions will be difficult to continue. TCL and France's Thomson acquisition is between pictures of a negative example. Before TCL buy France’s company Thomson they are not conducted a detailed analysis and study for France’s legal system. In the end TCL encountered big issue in dealing of layoffs in the financing. French law on the protection of layoffs far exceed TCL budget. The outcome of the restructuring are not embarrassed. Trail learning The third step is learning phase of the second stage of in-depth. The first two stages of learning are to go abroad for the door before a preparatory work.The third phase is learning test water. In this regard Wal-Mart has done quite well. Wal-Mart entered China in 1996 after five years in China did not have open one more supermarket. Is Wal-Mart hasn’t enough money for more supermarket running in China? No, it’s not. It‘s Wal-Mart is doing the trail learning in China. In these five years, Wal-Mart needs further verification by the domestic market analysis and forecasts of expected adjustments and the development of strategic planning. Because of Wal-Mart's goal is to open Wal-Mart stores in China each city, perhaps further with the development of an opening in every town. So one trail learning is necessary for Wal-Mart.Lenovo If you want to succeed at the international level, it is the first Wal-Mart to learn patience and ability to learn. Lenovo Group in the United States, Europe, India, Mexico and other countries of the target market has sufficient patience to learn. At this stage of learning is the creation and nurturing of talents localization of management. If you have done research shows that the McDonald's and KFC Wal-Mart manager almost no Americans, the United States except shop. Wal-Mart in the five-year period not only learning to do business in China, to study the habits of the Chinese people and Chinese people to do things the way they want to also train them in conformity wi th the standards of the people and in accordance with the standards of the supply chain.So Lenovo in the United States and other targeted countries on the market to do less is to establish their base and develop their own localization of management talent. If Lenovo not build a team in the target country they are hard to quite join the local market. Localization is first step and most important step for the international. If Lenovo failed localization so it is difficult to achieve internationalization. Google appointed Kai-Fu Lee, vice president for global concurrently president of China is a good example. Google to open the Chinese market to compete and Baidu, he first has to do is a localization team. Deepen and development learning The fourth stage of learning is to deepen and expand the learning.Foreign brands to enter an unfamiliar market, and in fact created a new brand with a same place. That is, no one knows you; no one will take the initiative to buy. Therefore, a brand in a local market in order to survive it so successful marketing is essential. In this regard Lenovo marketing done on the more successful. Firstly Lenovo’s sport marketing was successful in global. You can say this point is Lenovo learning from Samsung’s successful experience. Lenovo's sports marketing and event marketing performance to join the TOP program and Olympic soccer star Ronaldinho signed. These are reflected in the Lenovo in this regard made by the marketing efforts. It may Lenovo chairman Yang Yuanqing who is doing business on it.At this stage, enterprises in the target countries have started small-scale operations. It is a positive competition and competitor’s time. McDonald's in China began opening large fast-food chain has been established at the time of its raw material supply base in China. Wal-Mart China's rapid opening of the supermarket chain has been building his management team and rapid reaction supply chain. Theoretically Lenovo in the inte rnational market competitors began when awakened positive competition should also establish a strong management team and the localization response agile supply chain. But in fact it's not Reform enterprise DNA The fifth phase of the study is recombinant DNA enterprises time.Its enterprises rooted target countries, to thoroughly international. This stage enterprises need to reconsider the definition and rectification. This time the companies have no points of the country. It is not only to do right for the shareholders of such a simple matter. Before Samsung go to global it just need get responsibility for them investor. Need money earnings. But now Samsung has not only South Korea's Samsung. It needs of his enterprises in the world is responsible for the country. Need to integrate global resources and the right of consumers around the world responsible. They need to contribute to the community and they need to foster the image. Samsung done so it Samsung was successfully.Lenovo list ing of the problems facing this series, the reasons for Liu to defeat summed up a word, is listed after the changes are not suited. Still in the management of a small company means a rationale management listed companies. Now Lenovo whether there is sufficient justification capacity management a multinational? Lenovo seems to be done in this regard also not perfect. The mail incident in the United States is worrying Lenovo in the United States do the preparatory work. DELL salesman wrote in the e-mail, buy Lenovo is a disguised form of support to the Chinese government. He hopes to use this speech to persuade Lenovo customers to DELL. This incident will be taken bad influence for Lenovo group in the international.It also reflects Lenovo wasn’t establishing an image suit for consumer mind about multinational companies. The big problem exists internal of Lenovo is management model. After Lenovo acquisition of IBM's PC debasement emerging the contradictions in the management see m to be quite difficult. So Lenovo headhunt DELL CEO Departure to the CEO of Lenovo Group. Lenovo hopes he has come to a temporary solution to the conflict; tripartite management of the two sides will win unanimously. More or less the Lenovo Group also did not establish applicable to international management of the approach. It is also indicates that Lenovo determined to establish a new management system. International employee and Lenovo next steps developmentOn November 9, 2004, Lenovo group President Liu Chuanzhi speaks frankly at the eighth session of CEO annual meeting, at present the company has encountered two big difficult problems in the internationalization advancement: Brand internationalization difficult and the internationalization talented person is deficient. He indicated obtains the success after the Chinese market, the company in order to seek the achievement the breakthrough, at present is moving towards the internationalization and the multiplication. However meet s two major problems in the internationalization advancement: First is the brand internationalization process exceptionally is difficult, â€Å"before we the brand superiority which form in the Chinese market has vanished, must form the international well-known brand, must make the very big effort, and needs to have the massive funds†.Second is Lenovo need more high level international people to help them if company wants to successful in the international. He thinks this is very difficult for a local company. He expressed, â€Å"Although we have absorbed the colleague which many has the overseas service experience, but our backbone staff mainly is develops in the native place, raises, these years we unceasingly absorbed China to study to the overseas, to be some colleagues which the work came back, But requested to the internationalization talented person also to have the very great distance† The December of 2005, Dell senior vice- president concurrent Asia an the Pac ific and Japan area president William . J .Arab League Mei Liao leaving Dell and join Lenovo group and take up the post of CEO. This is a change for Lenovo group about them always like use people who are group up inside of Lenovo. From Beijing, Hong Kong to Singapore, the Lou advantage (the American North Carolina state) with Paris, disperse in global each place associates in GAO Guanceng, most probably is the foreigner. In Lenovo has formed the internationalization first step is as employee’s localization understanding. In the present case, the Lenovo group faces the biggest difficult problem still is to the internationalization talented person's demand. A company wants to be really international they must be having international employee first.Now, for Lenovo group the problem is they didn’t get enough international employees to do that work. Lenovo group build up them Research and development center any Headquarters in United States of America. In America Lenovo gro up feel very hard for looking for the suitable employees who understand Lenovo group culture. About this problem Lenovo get them own solution is improve them request for the new stuffs and change them officer language to English to suit for this problem. This also is the Lenovo speeds up the adoption internationalization advancement a demand. Lenovo must be know that Stealing Managers isn’t only way to get suitable employees way. Them must be build a good system to mark them own person with ability inside.Even Lenovo group founder to ask the reporter questions also said Lenovo like manger who are group inside. The main reason is Lenovo want to continue them company culture. Now, Lenovo group face the new position them must be get new employees who get more strong skills as learning new things and strong innovation skills. They must be get good team work skills. Supply chain In the supply chain, Lenovo Group of China there is a clear advantage. In 2000, Lenovo in domestic ente rprises in the first successful implementation of the ERP, and then at that time the supply chain management under the leadership of the Department, took two years to complete the project SCM. At the same time, Lenovo started a supply chain management system.The logistics sector-lead VMI   project created with the vendor Lenovo synergy values and customs, and re-planning of the procurement logistics network layout, with the supplier's inventory visualization of collaborative management, real-time monitoring of inventory levels, according to Lenovo in the single-product production depositors from the original 14 days down to five days; CTO   process optimization project improved the delivery of customized products, Lenovo was the rapid rise of direct technical support operations. After a series optimize of 2002-2004, Lenovo build in the Chinese market gold supply chain, the response speed and cost control has surpassed Dell, In China Lenovo’s cost just 1/4 about Dell. Leno vo’s response speed need only four days (Dell for a week). However, in overseas markets, Lenovo will have to face the original IBM's huge losses and the slow response of the supply chain?Cost pressures become Lenovo the enormous obstacles in overseas markets. But merging two huge companies in the supply chain integration has existed enormous difficulties. Therefore, Lenovo overseas is still used by IBM's original supply chain system. In China the use of the Lenovo deal set up before the supply chain system. So Lenovo CEO Amelio told the new Lenovo's global supply chain systems to two point, to balance First, Second is to achieve the lowest cost. Analysis several PC companies which are having more fierce competition with Lenovo group in the international are not difficult to find a problem with Lenovo. That is they are all have more quickly supply chain then Lenovo group has.Dell's suppliers are in the core of its computer production base in Xiamen next to factories, Lenovo is the need for a global procurement. Now Lenovo ‘s customers outside China's orders need eight days to reach the point of production, while Dell only needs one hour. Data show that before the acquisition, Lenovo’s product inventory days are 22. 7 days, close to the global average PC inventory levels. After the acquisition, Lenovo supply chain costs of the total cost of around 6%, while Acquisition former only 1% more. In establishing agile supply chain there are still an unpredictable mistake, it is the assessment for the land and the combined effect. Which is more important for Lenovo’s development? It is Lenovo by purchasing land in Laikaluona states of the United States.North Carolina will provide cheap land, but it can not provide competitive provider community. North Carolina has two characteristics: first, agriculture, tobacco production up to 700 million pounds annually, in the states, out of one; Second, the states of the cotton industry as the crown to Ch arlotte for the center, around the many small textile industry cities. Lenovo group should do is build a supply chain more quickly then Dell spent more than 20 years established electronic group. Lenovo has to do is to better integrate its internal resources in order to establish agile supply chain. Now there is a big problem inside of Lenovo group is Lenovo’s inside market.An associate director complained, â€Å"We often encounter a back-end motherboards are out of the situation a few weeks, the various district customer manager get goods, Tun goods. † The reason, he believed that there are several aspects: 1. Upstream manufacturers Intel and AMD led the industry in price oscillations; Two internal Lenovo is a â€Å"business forecasts† mechanism under a quarter of inaccurate forecasts, after mutual-blame; The three components of global procurement work is poor; four Lenovo's product line is the depth breakdown of demand led to parts of the complex. These reason s appear because Lenovo’s interior management system get big problem. Global marketing and double operation mode Global marketing is an important step for an enterprise going to internationalization.Marketing development process is including seven steps. They are Consumers analysis, market analysis, competitor surveys and the analysis of their own advantages, analysis of distribution channels, the formulation of a preliminary marketing programs, economic development and evaluation and revision before the six steps until the formation of a coordination program. Europe and the US market is a highly sophisticated market, consumers have more strong sense of themselves. They are in choosing products more sensibly. The issue of treatment for products problem are harsher. Some dissatisfaction will resort to the law. Consumers have the power to the more sober understanding.In the market, the saturation of the PC products is higher. Market share by several larger companies occupy. Del l, HP, Acer, is Lenovo strong competitor. Lenovo is more strangeness for the customer. More important is local customers are more strangeness for Lenovo. If they are in direct competition Lenovo only has a little chance of winning. Lenovo their advantages, can be more convenient to retain the original IBM's biggest customers. As we all know, most of IBM's customers are big customers, while them personal computers are few customers. Therefore the above address this specific Lenovo marketing information for them own tailored to a difference of an international marketing strategy.Specific performance is now vigorously promoting Lenovo dual business model. And find the Olympic torch in the overseas Chinese. Now chairman of Lenovo Group Lauded as the core competitiveness of the Lenovo – Lenovo's business model is focused on the development of the host. The so-called Lenovo double- business model is the target customer classifications. They are covered two part. One is for Major cl ients. It’s including the government clients. Other is the PC customer. Lenovo group get two different systems to suit this two different groups. As every know this two different groups are look forward to different areas. They get different request for the computer.So as this way Lenovo group can separate the two different services to two different customers groups to ensure satisfaction of customers and will not pass. After Lenovo Group in Germany and some other places that the experiment is indeed feasible. But Lenovo group said this double business model is them core competitiveness seems too hasty. This model is too easy to copy. We can continue analogy to Lenovo marketing for a war. As for the war, the most important thing is not win, but fought victory after how appease. This like Lenovo group get strong marketing in international and them double business model are successful attract the customer.So that if Lenovo group can not cash in the same quality service as they are commitment for the customer is Lenovo group ruin upon themselves. The United States and the European market is a mature market. Consumers are rational consumers. If Lenovo rely on the strength of marketing get the original customer. But they are not lets original customer become loyal consumers. Lenovo is undoubtedly offending consumers. This is a bad news for any business. Such behavior like this is self-destructive brand image. Global strategy and differentiation strategy Undeniably, Lenovo was chosen different operations on the internationalization road. This is a wise move for Lenovo group.Lenovo develop target markets mainly in Europe and the United States, some of the more mature markets. Competitors are more powerful. Lenovo Group on large customers has specific Differential Marketing. Whether in the products or marketing, Lenovo in overseas markets, chose the differences strategy of their own as an international strategy. Japan's Toyota Motor Corp. in this respect is the more successful. Today Lenovo faced situation is similar as several years ago Toyota faced. So in this side Lenovo group can learned from Toyota. A few years ago the American market is full of heavy car. The car like that are suit for American consumer buying psychology as a car. But Toyota's unique success is the choice of a different strategy.Toyota and strong competitors are not for positive conflict. First of all competitors can relax vigilance. At least Toyota can reduce the trouble about legal before it development enough strong. Secondly use of the product differentiation gradually enters the mainstream market to be successful. When Toyota was get success in the United States mainstream market. Its competitors were hard to market out of there. Instead of the United States car market share declined much. Now, Lenovo Group which is the situation has attracted the attention of competitors. Lenovo has to be done is not in the local market has not yet possible before the firm and competitors have a positive conflict.As Lenovo's deal with Dell and HP mail advertising time of the incident the same attitude. Lenovo should take the stable development as the first choice. The difference in the paralysis of the competitors is a more effective means. Competition in mind is not to put pressure on competitors. Reform Lenovo business DNA for build new company culture and global development Lenovo chairman Yang Yuanqing said for the high-speed flight refueling aircraft to the high-speed driving for car wheels. We can find how difficulty Lenovo group will be take for them reform business DNA. Commercial enterprises DNA of an enterprise is to determine the direction and life.Lenovo in the international community can also depend on the success of Lenovo's commercial DNA. Enterprise is the concept of DNA from peter Ducker. Lenovo enterprises DNA is still insufficient to support the internationalization of Lenovo. An adapted to international enterprises DNA is not support as a success leader. It depends on the business system. This includes enterprises inside the decision-making power, organizational structure, information transmission and incentive mechanism. A healthy enterprises DNA can adapt to the market risk. If Lenovo group want be more successful in the international market it must be reform them business DNA.Chinese enterprises are in the initial most commercial DNA, their flexibility in the application of event-based decision-making, rapid capture business, the first to enter the market; low-priced beat each other, and the lack of those international enterprise systems, scientific, a long-term multi-dimensional space-based game decision-making. Therefore, we must want to understand the development gap at first. Evolutionary their business DNA, in the integration resources, improve the companies create value skills. Mark the decision as more point. From the history of the development of Lenovo is not difficult to see that. Now Lenovo is on t he way which is going to internationalization.They must be facing different risks which are come from different regions and countries every day. If Lenovo can not upgrade their own enterprises commercial DNA, it will be difficult survive in the international competitive environment. Summery Lenovo group is going global is a way of Chinese business are going global. There are must be get five steps to learn. For a company which is want to going to global the most important thing is learning skills and reform the business DNA and build a new company culture to suite for new company. Remember that, you are an international company now. If you want to be more successful in the international market you must get the international business DNA.You must be a company and you are not only taking the responsibility for the share holds. Your company should be take responsibility for the customer who comes from all over the world and the people who are come from all over the world. Your company is not only a company. It is an international public machine which supplies service for all over the world. Reference Table of Contents LIANXIANGFENGYUN BY AS LIU ZHIJUN THE NEXT STEP BY AS JIGONG W SANDERSON MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES FOR 21TH CENTURY BY AS PETER DRUCKER FUNDAMENTALS OF INTEMATIONAL BUSINESS BY AS MICHAEL R. CZINKOTA, Ilkka A. Ronkainen and Michael H. Moffett http://business. sohu. com/20070122/n247764248. shtml